1) Which lines of 'September 1, 1939' you liked the most? Why?
"Analysed all in his book,
The enlightenment driven away",
➡️"Analyzed all in his book, The enlightenment driven away ", W. H Auden's poem September 1, 1939 I like this line more because this line is woven into everyone's life. Poets present the art in themselves in a unique way. When only one place at a time. That it affects, and applies to, not just one person but the whole world. The poem depicts the dictatorships and monarchies that were going on at the time. Hitler attacks without any mercy. Many people die, a fear among the people. In the current dictatorship, no one can speak against a dictator, who has a good knowledge, who knows a little bit about politics, who could not speak about his monarchy, whether he speaks about dictatorship or against it. They would have been killed or disappeared. Auden, by the name of Thucydides, said he knew about politics. "What these dictators are doing is wrong. They saw democracy. But these people are bringing monarchy." He has a lot of b From the knowledge he gained by reading The Book, he understood that the current politicians are doing what is wrong. But they could not speak. Could not go against them. So Auden states, that is the knowledge gained through books. The knowledge that lies within oneself is in vain. Because the work did not come at the right time. There is knowledge but we cannot apply it in life. So what does such knowledge mean? What is the benefit of such acquired knowledge? So he states that the analysis of all his books read here has gone in vain, without intelligence. Such knowledge has no meaning. Such events happen in everyone's life. Man himself wants to be knowledgeable. So he acquires knowledge to someone in some way, to someone in some place, he stores knowledge in himself. But he cannot use that knowledge at the right time or he cannot use that knowledge. So the books he read are completely useless. Auden wants to say that he is going the other way.
2) What is so special about 'In Memory of W B Yeats'?
➡️The death of the one who is born is certain. This line is running through the mind of every human being. Because man knows that his own death is bound to come one day. No one is immortal. Yes, he can be immortal because of his work. Many creatures have been born on this earth. Too many people are living. A lot of people have died. But only a few of them have made a name for themselves. Which people still remember. Including politicians, poets, literary writers, religion gurus, warriors etc. When no one knows or remembers the common man. So we have a skill that causes people to remember us, to remember our work, and to remember our thoughts. Even after the death of a man, his identity remains and people remember him, he is called a great or special person. So in W. H. Auden's poem "In Memory of W. B. Yeats" he tells about the life of W. B. Yeats, showing the memories he had after his death, his thoughts. Auden was impressed by his poetry. And the memories of every writer will always be in the future. They will always be alive in the form of the works he wrote. Which Auden is showing here.‘In Memory of W. B. Yeats’ by W. H. Auden (1907-73) was written in 1939, following the death of the Irish poet W. B. Yeats in January of that year.In Memory of W. B. Yeats, by W.H. Auden is a modern poem in its imagery, concept and versification. The poem, as its title indicates, is an elegy written to mourn the death of W.B. Yeats, but it is different from the conventional elegy. Traditionally, in an elegy, all nature is represented as mourning the death, here nature is represented as going on its course indifferent and unaffected.
3) Is there any contemporary relevance of 'Epitaph on a Tyrant'?
Discussion of this poem by Dilip Baradsir Vidmovies.
➡️The tyrant means a cruel and oppressive ruler.Where there is a group there is a ruler. Such as its ruler in politics, its ruler in religion, its ruler in any caste, its ruler in the congregation. These rulers take care of the people under them. They need help. Such a ruler is known as a good ruler. But when these same rulers become tyrants, it also becomes difficult for people to live. Such tyrant rulers have been seen in history from the past. There are such rulers even in the present times. In which politics, religion, wood everything came. Individuals in politics are oppressed by their own power. People in religion persecute in the name of their teachings and faith. We see many such examples in the present times. Including Ronaldo Trump in politics. Saints like Ram Rahim, Asharam etc. within the religion. A lot of films are also made on all such situations. I will discuss a few of them here.
Gabar is Back movies.....
In the movie Gabbar Is Back, Akshay Kumar also punishes tyrant employees. It also punishes such tyrant rulers. Which represents real society.and like this poem is saying that the tyrant's way is easy for citizens of the nation to understand - it is his way or the highway. The tyrant understands human behavior and motives and knows that striking fear into the heart of the citizenry is an easy way to control them. People often acquiesce when their lives and livelihoods are threatened. Therefore, the tyrant manipulates and controls people by having strict punishment always hanging over them like the sword of Damocles.
The Dictator movie in 2012:
"The Dictator" movie made in 2012 also deals with this poem. Showing a whimsical type of ruler. Which depicts modern politicians. In some countries where there is dictatorship, such politicians make such moves. Such as Kim Jong-un is a North Korean politician. . So the last line of the poem indicates that when the tyrant makes forceful, and probably illogical and even insane decisions, the populace, including children, suffers horribly. The tyrant's cry is his or her tortured mind, which leads to the tyrant taking action that hurts others.
Today we will discusse about ‘On Being Asked for a War Poem’ is a poem by W. B. Yeats. So our mind is a so many questions. What could be the work of a poet? What can a poet explain through his poetry? What can give? Does the poet present in his poetry? All these questions are very difficult to answer. Because every poet, every poem has a different price. He presents his experiences in his poetry. He composes his poems according to the structure he likes, with the things he likes. Every poet tries to give a message to something in the society. In his poetry, he depicts the events that took place in his time. Which in the future will make men find something useful or learn something from it.So we will discuss a similar poem by W. B. Yeats on On Being Asked for a War Poem.
W. B. Yeats
‘On Being Asked for a War Poem’ is a poem by W. B. Yeats, written in 1915 and published the following year. It’s one of Yeats’s shortest well-known poems, comprising just six lines,
Original Poem
On being asked for a War Poem
BY WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS
I think it better that in times like these A poet's mouth be silent, for in truth We have no gift to set a statesman right; He has had enough of meddling who can please A young girl in the indolence of her youth, Or an old man upon a winters night.
Form of the poem
Rhyme: abcabc, end rhyme
Meter: pentameter, iambic
Form/Stanzaic Structure: reflection, slow
Speaker: implied author
Audience: imagined audience
Tone: Defensive
Diction: formal
Syntax: multitude of phrasing, only one complete sentence.
Imagery: young girl, old man, gift, winter’s night
Figurative Devices: metaphors
Theme: Poets should stay out of writin
g on political issues, because the intention of the author is misinterpreted or made extreme.
Argument: Separate art from politics
Rhetoric: States is argument as a type of reflection.
Flaws: Several of Yeats’s earlier poem were politically charged and provided fuel for Nationalism.
Summary: Yeats’s is refusing to write a poem that justifies the war against the British, because he now sees his intensions earlier Nationalist works as naïve. He wanted to support the Nationalist cause, but not fighting.
But why that title? Who has ‘asked Yeats for a war poem’?
It was response to a request by Henry James that Yeats compose a political poem about World War I. Yeats changed the poem's title from "To a friend who has asked me to sign his manifesto to the neutral nations" to "A Reason for Keeping Silent".The poem was first published in Edith Wharton's The Book of the Homeless in 1916 as "A Reason for Keeping Silent". When it was later reprinted in The Wild Swans at Coole, the title was changed to "On being asked for a War Poem".
‘On Being Asked For a War Poem’: This poem was written after Yeats was asked to write a war poem. It is a meditation on whether poets can write war poetry. It also considers an old question: what is the role of the poet in society, and what is the function of poetry? An ancient philosopher, Plato, even thought that poetry should be banned as corrupting to society. Yeats here enters this long-standing argument in the modern age.
Dilip Baradsir discussion of ‘On Being Asked for a War Poem’ poem.
I think it better that in times like these A poet's mouth be silent, for in truth
This is contradicted in the poem. It tells the poet to keep his mouth shut. When poets are shown not saying their thing in front of politicians. The poet does not need to interfere in the way things are going. The poet's job is only to write poems on love, affection, friendship. Not to write poems on this war. It is not the poet's job to write a poem on war. In the case of war, it is a good idea to keep the poet's mouth shut when it comes to politics. It is depicted as a metaphor. Has been shown as a substitute in this matter. In which the metaphor is contrasted in different ways. Shutting down means not interfering with what is happening. Politicians could not be spoken against, but it could be represented by poems. So the poet seems to have presented this matter in poetry, which is a truth.
We have no gift to set a statesman right;
He has had enough of meddling who can please
Within these lines, political leaders have been shown not to interfere in their affairs. Poems or poets should not interfere in it, because they do not have such a gift. So that they can speak out against politics, and formulate or formulate policies. Poets have no work in political politics and have no respect for poetry. So the poet or his poetry should not interfere in politics and war.
A young girl in the indolence of her youth,
Or an old man upon a winters night.
Two edges are shown inside these lines. One is young and the other is old. One is female and the other is male. That fills the scope of influence. That the poet’s role is to appeal to beauty and wisdom, youth and age? The paradox shows that the more wise a person is in politics, the better the power and authority. Politics does not need beauty and war does not need beauty. So poetry is a symbol of beauty. Which has no value in politics, or has no value in war. The old man has a long experience. And young people have less understanding, but more innovation.
Therefore, within this poem, it has been shown that the poets should not interfere in the affairs of the politicians and in their work. In which the symbol of young and old explains to what extent an experienced man can perform well with his skills and experience. Poetry has no place in war and politics. Because these two things do not require emotion.
Hello readers, today we will discuss W. B.Yeats' poem "The Second Coming" which is given in the form of a task thinking activity by our professor Dilip Baradsir. This blog is a response for that.
Analysis of "The Second Coming” as a Pandemic Poem
Original Poem:
Turning and turning in the widening gyre The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensityI. Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely the Second Coming is at hand. The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi Troubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desert A shape with lion body and the head of a man, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds. The darkness drops again; but now I know That twenty centuries of stony sleep Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?
In my opinion, there are many meanings in this poem. There are many meanings in this poem like the mood prevailing in politics, the plight due to diseases, the hope of someone coming, the possibility of something happening again, etc. If we look at the discussion of diseases, this poem represents the flu that came in 1917. People suffering from diseases were dying in front of Wh's eyes. His own pregnant wife got this disease. So all the illusions about this disease arose in his mind. From it he wrote the poem The Second Coming. I believe that he composed this poem after seeing the First World War and the people who died in it. Now all hopes are gone and waiting for someone to come so title is The Second Coming.
We can say that Yeats's poem was published in November 1920. And over the century since, perhaps no poem has been more invoked for vexing times, to convey, in Yeats's own incomparable words, that:
Turning and turning in the widening gyre
Many diseases are already gone in this world. Within every century, one disease comes to the world. And in which a lot of people die and the question of the epidemic arises. Even today there is the question of the epidemic of corona which has killed many people and still many people are affected by corona. In the next century, in the 20th century, a virus called the flu spread. Which led to many deaths. Since such diseases occur in every century, the line of this poem turns in turning, that is, it shows the pandemic time again and again. The time and its diseases are as follows.
The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
Whenever diseases come within a century. Then it becomes very difficult to control. Medical practitioners work to control diseases in pandemic times. Often these diseases get under control, but often these diseases do not get out of control. At that time crisis problems arise. Corona virus is a big problem nowadays. Because it is not under control yet. So this line can be deduced that the person or thing that controls in the hands of the person controlling may be out of control. Diseases such as those in pandemic times may also be involved.
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensityI.
Whenever the pandemic time has come, people have died. Not even a few survived but the death toll is high. If there is a war, a lot of people die in it and a lot of things are damaged. The blood of the soldiers fighting the war is flowing. In the same way, even within diseases, people die in large numbers. Whose contact is connected to these lines.
When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi Troubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desert A shape with lion body and the head of a man, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds.
Death is depicted in these lines. When someone is about to die in the desert, vultures or other carnivorous birds fly over it, which is a sign of death. So a sign that people are dying even in pandemic times is shown inside these lines.
The darkness drops again; but now I know That twenty centuries of stony sleep Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?
Even in pandemic times people fail despite many attempts. They cannot save themselves. When medical treatment s put under their own arms. No medicine works. Then the last option from them, hope is God. And they now believe in living and living in the trust of God and persuading themselves. Even in the present times people are now relying on God. Will God find a way? Now God will come to save us. Such beliefs are held by God in pandemic times.
So within this poem W. B. Yeats says what kind of situations do we face in pandemic times? And from every pandemic time individuals die, chaos has spread. A fear arises in people and a hope, faith in God arises in them. While often such pams can be out of control of one-time diseases. And it damages human relationships, economic wealth, the human mind a lot.
Robert Frost, in full Robert Lee Frost, (born March 26, 1874, San Francisco, California, U.S.—died January 29, 1963, Boston, Massachusetts), American poet who was much admired for his depictions of the rural life of New England, his command of American colloquial speech, and his realistic verse portraying ordinary people in everyday situations.more information.
NOTABLE WORKS
“The Road Not Taken”
“The Death of the Hired Man”
“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”
“Mending Wall”
“After Apple-Picking”
“A Boy’s Will”
“Storm Fear”
“Mountain Interval”
“North of Boston”
“New Hampshire”
AWARDS AND HONORS
Bollingen Prize (1962)
Pulitzer Prize
The Road Not Taken introduction :-
"The Road Not Taken" is a narrative poem by Robert Frost, first published in the August 1915 issue of The Atlantic Monthly,[2] and later published as the first poem in the collection Mountain Interval (1916). Its central theme is the divergence of paths, both literally and figuratively, although its interpretation is noted for being complex and potentially divergent.more information.
The Road Not Taken poem BY ROBERT FROST
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
Poem meaning :-
In the poem - ‘The Road Not Taken’, the road symbolizes our life. The poet says that the path that we don’t choose in our life is the road not taken. He describes his feelings about that choice that he had left in the past. The path which we have chosen, decides our future, our destination. The important message that the poet wants to give is that the choice that we make has an impact on our future and if we make a wrong choice, we regret it but cannot go back on it. So, we must be wise while making choices.
Why I would like this poem :-
The road in this poem represents a road. On which only then runs. The road can be taken as a metaphor. Because the road can also be the way of life. The man who is born and dies has to make a road trip. In this way he will always have to choose something. When a person has two options, if he chooses one of them, he will automatically dislike the other. The reason I chose this poem is because the poem depicts our life. That man has a choice every time in his life. These things have happened in my life too. So I felt like this poem was woven into my life.
What we can't choose?
In which country to be born? To be born in which caste? To be born in whose house? When will death come? What will happen after a second? So can I do something? These things we cannot choose in our own way.
What can we choose?
We can choose our own way of everything after the development of understanding in us. We have a lot of ways in which we like and understand the ways we choose and can do.
The two paths shown in this poem are the hopes in our lives, the dreams we have. We have to make our choice and choose it wisely. At any time in life when we choose something we choose it thoughtfully and looking to the future. This phenomenon happens in everyone's life. When we have two ways to choose this way or choose the first way. Then we choose any one way in which we find it easier. The way that is good can make us something in the future. Which will improve our future. We every man travels life. This trip will have the option of following Dougal. Which is shown to us in this poem. When we make our choices. We are walking on that road. When we fail at that, we think that I wish I had not taken this path and taken another path. When it comes to success, we think we've done well. Sometimes the question arises in our minds whether these two roads cannot be walked together? So no, no one person can ever walk two roads together. He has to choose one of two roads and walk on that road. Along the way it can get both good and bad. It can succeed and it can fail. It depends on him and depends on his destiny. Repentance also occurs when failure occurs. It would have been better if I had not chosen this road. We can't even postpone anything. How can I go back and walk on this road or do this thing. Because time waits for no one and only one thing can happen at a time. Every one of these things I have experienced in my life. I like this poem more because the things that happen in my life are presented in this poem. The effect of which is also seen in my life.
Bob Dylan introduction:-
Bob Dylan, original name Robert Allen Zimmerman, (born May 24, 1941, Duluth, Minnesota, U.S.), American folksinger who moved from folk to rock music in the 1960s, infusing the lyrics of rock and roll, theretofore concerned mostly with boy-girl romantic innuendo, with the intellectualism of classic literature and poetry. Hailed as the Shakespeare of his generation, Dylan sold tens of millions of albums, wrote more than 500 songs recorded by more than 2,000 artists, performed all over the world, and set the standard for lyric writing. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2016. (See Editor’s Note: About the author.)more information.
NOTABLE WORKS
“Nashville Skyline”
“Blood on the Tracks”
“John Wesley Harding”
“Desire”
“The Basement Tapes”
“Another Side of Bob Dylan”
“Before the Flood”
“Blonde On Blonde”
“Time Out of Mind”
“The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan”
In our syllabus :
"Like a Rolling Stone" song introduction :-
"Like a Rolling Stone" is a song by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on July 20, 1965 by Columbia Records. Its confrontational lyrics originated in an extended piece of verse Dylan wrote in June 1965, when he returned exhausted from a grueling tour of England. Dylan distilled this draft into four verses and a chorus. "Like a Rolling Stone" was recorded a few weeks later as part of the sessions for the forthcoming album Highway 61 Revisited.more information.
"Like A Rolling Stone" lyrics Bob Dylan Lyrics
Once upon a time you dressed so fine
You threw the bums a dime in your prime, didn't you?
People'd call, say, "Beware doll, you're bound to fall"
You thought they were all kiddin' you
You used to laugh about
Everybody that was hangin' out
Now you don't talk so loud
Now you don't seem so proud
About having to be scrounging for your next meal
How does it feel?
How does it feel
To be without a home
Like a complete unknown
Like a rolling stone?
You've gone to the finest school all right, Miss Lonely
But you know you only used to get juiced in it
And nobody's ever taught you how to live out on the street
And now you're gonna have to get used to it
You said you'd never compromise
With the mystery tramp, but now you realize
He's not selling any alibis
As you stare into the vacuum of his eyes
And say do you want to make a deal?
How does it feel?
How does it feel
To be on your own
With no direction home
A complete unknown
Like a rolling stone?
You never turned around to see the frowns on the jugglers and the clowns
When they all did tricks for you
You never understood that it ain't no good
You shouldn't let other people get your kicks for you
You used to ride on the chrome horse with your diplomat
Who carried on his shoulder a Siamese cat
Ain't it hard when you discover that
He really wasn't where it's at
After he took from you everything he could steal
How does it feel?
How does it feel
To be on your own
With no direction home
Like a complete unknown
Like a rolling stone?
Princess on the steeple and all the pretty people
They're all drinkin', thinkin' that they got it made
Exchanging all precious gifts
But you'd better take your diamond ring, you'd better pawn it babe
You used to be so amused
At Napoleon in rags and the language that he used
Go to him now, he calls you, you can't refuse
When you ain't got nothing, you got nothing to lose
You're invisible now, you got no secrets to conceal
How does it feel
How does it feel
To be on your own
With no direction home
Like a complete unknown
Like a rolling stone?
Meaning of song:-
This song can be seen as a warning about the dangers of living pointlessly, going along with the crowd, and not treating others appropriately. The protagonist seems to be a frivolous society girl who, having fallen from her social pedestal, is given advice by the narrator about how to pick herself up. From what he says his ultimate desire, one would think, is that her recovery should lead to a more worthwhile existence.more information.
Why I would like this song? :-
➡️Rolling Stone is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. More information.
➡️A falling stone or a circular stone
➡️a person who is unwilling to settle for long in one place.
My name and my work are my identity. I live in a certain kind of society. I live in a state in a country and on this earth. I also have some acquaintances. Because of that identity I am known by one of my names within this society. The reason behind choosing this poem is that I get to know myself better. Every event of this poem has happened in my life too. Every event is seen to happen in the life of man. So whywould I want to tell you that I chose this poem?
The reason I chose this song is that it contains the essence of how to live life. The man who is is living his own life. Man is always living his life in the midst of society. Yes man has his own freedom to have an idea of how to live life on his own. But there is a big question against it. And that's the question of the people around him. His relatives, his society, his kingdom, his country and the people living on this earth. Because man lives his own life but he lives about others. He will live the kind of life he likes, not himself but others. We must keep our behavior appropriate when we are living within society. Because dealing with others creates the impression of a person. If we behave well in front of others, we should be called good people. When we treat others badly, we are called bad people. So if you want to live in the middle of a crowd, you have to do what you like. If you do not treat others properly, there are many problems and many dangers. Which are well illustrated within this poem.
How does it feel?
How does it feel
To be on your own
With no direction home
Like a complete unknown
Like a rolling stone?
Within this line, there is such a hope even though we have nothing in life. Which is why we are falling forward like this stone. Life is living our way. Something good will happen in the future. Another thing to note is that when we have something and we lose it, we suffer a lot. Man loses another by his own anger. When a man has sensitivity, he has more relationship with people. So everyone should do things he likes.
on the jugglers and the clowns
While juggling and clowns entertain individuals through their stunts, everyone should keep others happy with the skills they possess. The importance of these clowns extends to their circus. Then their identity does not remain. In the same way, a man should make a good impression on himself so that his identity will remain. If he also has a relationship like the clown of this circus, his identity will also be limited.
With the mystery tramp, but now you realize
Man's life has always been a mystery. No one knows what is going to happen a second ago. Many of man’s relationships are also such mysterious. Which no one knows. There are some mysterious things in everyone's life.
Princess on the steeple and all the pretty people
They're all drinkin', thinkin' that they got it made
Exchanging all precious gifts
At Napoleon in rags and the language that he used
This line depicts poverty and wealth by princes and Napoleon. What is the relationship of people with the rich and what is the relationship of people with the poor? What kind of relationships do the rich have and what kind of relationships do the poor have? What is the life of the rich and what is the life of the poor? What is the behavior of the rich while what is the behavior of the poor? I believe that the matter is shown within these lines.
While studying ‘The Theatre of the Absurd’ and Samuel Beckett’s ‘Waiting for Godot’ in our Modern Literature Course, our professor discussed the film version of Beckett’s shortest play ‘Breath’ - thirty-seconds play and assigned us one of the most creative tasks to interpret this shortest play and shoot a small video.
Click on the link to navigate to Prof. Dr Dilip Barad Sir's blog on Interpretation Challenge: Breath: The Shortest Play by Samuel Beckett
Here is the script of this shortest play titled 'Breath'
The play has many concepts like :
➡Nothingness,
➡Meaninglessness,
➡Absurdity, and
➡Existentialism
Interpretation of video :-
In the video we find many symbols like
Lock-A kind of bond
Mask & sanitizer-To protect the body
Fruits-Gives good health, different test
Books- Students life, gives new thoughts
Religion Books- Hope
Medicine- Disease and old
Candle -The soul in the human body
In the interpretation of this video we get to see death. Because man puts a lot of effort into living life. But all his efforts fail and in the end he has to die. He goes through a lot of aspects of his life that he doesn't even know the meaning of. And there are a lot of activities that he does without any meaning. When a man is born, he has many restrictions from the time he dies. Which we understand by Lock. Lock is a symbol of bondage. Bonding comes to something in a man's life. In which he presents his role absurdly. Man works by being in the bondage of another. He has to follow the rules. He cannot walk on his own.
Some concept:-
Education :
Religion:
Politics:
Health care:
Farming:
Humanity:
Religion :-
In this video we will see religion books. In which individuals no longer have faith in themselves, they now have faith in religion. So in this video here we see Nihilism. Nihilism means that after we have made an effort to live life, we must finally accept religion as nothing but religion, and without religion there will be no salvation.
Death:-
Death is an inevitable event. Man adopts many tricks to avoid death. But man's death is inevitable as part of nature. So when it comes to death, the existentialist says that man should not mourn and embrace it. Example medicine.
Candle (Soul) -
There is a soul in the human body. This is what everyone believes. If you do good deeds, the soul will go to heaven. If you do bad deeds, we are in hell and it will be annoying. What happens to the soul after death? All these things are absurd.
At the end part of the video , with the cry again it symbolizes a death of a person. So, It is a journey of human life from birth to death and in between what is the purpose of human life.
Other interpretation :-
This video shows the time crisis of Corona in a different way. What a man's life has become. The mortality rate in humans is higher during this time. All his hopes turn to despair and he finally dies. All his attempts at life finally fail and he dies. That is the law of nature.
During the First World War, countless artists, writers and intellectuals who opposed the war sought refuge in Switzerland. Zurich, in particular, was a hub for people in exile, and it was here that Hugo Ball and Emmy Hemmings opened the Cabaret Voltaire on 5 February 1916. The Cabaret was a meeting spot for the more radical avant-garde artists. A cross between a nightclub and an arts center, artists could exhibit their work there among cutting-edge poetry, music, and dance. Hans (Jean) Arp, Tristan Tzara, Marcel Janco and Richard Huelsenbeck were among the original contributors to the Cabaret Voltaire. As the war raged on, their art and performances became increasingly experimental, dissident and anarchic. Together, they protested against the pointlessness and horrors of the war under the battle cry of DADA.More information.
As a word, it is nonsense. As a movement, however, Dada art proved to be one of the revolutionary movements in the early twentieth century. Initially conceived by a loose band of avant-garde modernists in the prelude to World War I but adopted more fully in its wake, the Dadaist celebrated luck in place of logic and irrationality instead of calculated intent.
Examples of Famous Dada Artworks
The movement has brought many famous artworks. Here are a selected few examples of dadaism artworks:
I have also created one as Dadaism Art. Which our Department professor Dilip Baradsir told us. In which I have made this poem from an article of Jaydev Patel from the Saurashtra Samachar newspaper dated 12 May 2021 about the massacre that caused terror in Pakistan.Which was published in Kalash Purti.
NEW DELHI: India and the US on Friday discussed a strategy to push for patent waiver for Covid vaccines at the World Trade Organization (WTO), with Washington expected to reach out to some of the naysayers to rally for support to the proposal that has been endorsed by over 125 members of the multilateral body.During a call with US Trade Representative Katherine Tai, commerce and industry minister Piyush Goyal also flagged the need to keep the supply chain open for vaccine manufacturers- an issue that seems to have been addressed after PM Narendra Modi's discussion with US President Joe Biden. "Both sides agreed to work towards the common resolve of increasing vaccine availability and saving lives," an official statement said.
Dada Poem Generated:-
Representative,
To bodyduring manufacturers- for the said;
World availability addressed vaccines to out supply issue.
Friday statement discussion call.
Washington us seems.
Expected official a joe some flagged for covid the delhi:
It’s all about spirituality. Transcendentalism is a Humans
ophy that began in the mid-19th century and whose founding members included Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. It centers around the belief that spirituality cannot be achieved through reason and rationalism, but instead through self-reflection and intuition. In other words, transcendentalists believe spirituality isn’t something you can explain; it’s something you feel. A transcendentalist would argue that going for a walk in a beautiful place would be a much more spiritual experience than reading a religious text.
The transcendentalism movement arose as a result of a reaction to Unitarianism as well as the Age of Reason. Both centered on reason as the main source of knowledge, but transcendentalists rejected that
It’s all about spirituality. Transcendentalism is a philosophy that began in the mid-19th century and whose founding members included Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. It centers around the belief that spirituality cannot be achieved through reason and rationalism, but instead through self-reflection and intuition. In other words, transcendentalists believe spirituality isn’t something you can explain; it’s something you feel. A transcendentalist would argue that going for a walk in a beautiful place would be a much more spiritual experience than reading a religious text.
The transcendentalism movement arose as a result of a reaction to Unitarianism as well as the Age of Reason. Both centered on reason as the main source of knowledge, but transcendentalists rejected that notion. Some of the transcendentalist beliefs are:
Humans are inherently good
Society and its institutions such as organized religion and politics are corrupting. Instead o
being part of them, humans should strive to be independent and self-reliant
Spirituality should come from the self, not organized religion
Insight and experience are more important than logic
Nature is beautiful, should be deeply appreciated, and shouldn’t be altered by humans
Major Transcendentalist Values:
The transcendentalist movement encompassed many beliefs, but these all fit into their three main values of individualism, idealism, and the divinity of nature.
Individualism:
Perhaps the most important transcendentalist value was the importance of the individual. They saw the individual as pure, and they believed that society and its institutions corrupted this purity. Transcendentalists highly valued the concept of thinking for oneself and believed people were best when they were independent and could think for themselves. Only then could individuals come together and form ideal communities.
Idealism:
The focus on idealism comes from Romanticism, a slightly earlier movement. Instead of valuing logic and learned knowledge as many educated people at the time did, transcendentalists placed great importance on imagination, intuition and creativity. They saw the values of the Age of Reason as controlling and confining, and they wanted to bring back a more “ideal” and enjoyable way of living.
Divinity of Nature:
Transcendentalists didn’t believe in organized religion, but they were very spiritual. Instead of believing in the divinity of religious figures, they saw nature as sacred and divine. They believed it was crucial for humans to have a close relationship with nature, the same way religious leaders preach about the importance of having a close relationship with God. Transcendentalists saw nature as perfect as it was; humans shouldn’t try to change or improve it.
1) Transcendentalists talks about Individual’s relation with Nature. What is Nature for you? Share your views.
➡️As a nature in transcendentalism, I believe that what appears to be real is nature. There is a belief in the mind of man that there is only one God who created the whole world. Religion is a spiritual thing. Books of religion, many books of literature tell us that there is only one God who created this world. I think it's a religious thing. But many books also say that nature created this world in its own way due to changes in the atmosphere. The idea of transcendence is to believe in what we see. That looking beyond what we see is called romanticism. While transcendentalism is the opposite concept. Or believing in real nature without believing in spirituality. Nature has given us everything. There is a certain kind of system of nature. From which the whole world is going well. In all worlds, the creatures in nature are living their own lives in their own way. Be it man, bird, beast, tree or any natural resource. It works according to its own system. Man is also a part of nature. So man should behave accordingly without interfering with the natural system. Charles should follow Darwin's theory of evolution. That nature has caused the origin of all living beings by changing themselves. Not that there is a spiritual God who is following and regulating this world. He takes care of us. He bears the fruit of good deeds with us. That is a myth. Transcendentalism says that nature is the only true reality. All should follow the law of nature and have faith in nature. Nature never discriminates against anyone. It has equal justice for any poor man or any rich man. Happiness and sorrow are the rules of the world. Sometimes there is happiness, sometimes there is sorrow. There is no role for nature or God. It is a part of life. So nature is everything around us. Man has created the material world for his own happiness and convenience. But nature has given man the freedom to be useful in his own way and to behave in his own way. If man interferes in it, it destroys nature or destroys man.
2.) Transcendentalism is an American Philosophy that influenced American Literature at length. Can you find any Indian/Regional literature or Philosophy came up with such similar thought?
➡️India is a religious country. Many religions have developed in India and many religion books have also been made. The heritage of India is a very ancient heritage. And in the heritage of India he has found many religion books and religion stories. Along with it many new religions have also been found. In which Hinduism, Muslimism, Christianity, Jainism, Buddhism etc., many religions have become a community in India. Most people in India believe in religion and spirituality. Even in modern times we see this in large numbers. Religious sentiments are more prevalent among Indians. So they have more faith in religion. It has a high proportion of people who believe in Krishna and Rama in particular. Indian literature includes all these religion books. It deals with the existentialism of man. The origin of man has been spoken of. And there is a lot of literature that is spiritual and connected to God. When the transcendentalism movement began within America. Transcendentalism, a 19th-century movement of writers and philosophers in New England who were loosely bound together by adherence to an idealistic system of thought based on a belief in the essential unity of all creation, humanity, and the supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths. It has also affected India. Due to which the religious sentiments in India have also had an effect on religious beliefs.
Indian religious
Transcendentalism has been directly influenced by Indian religions Thoreau in Walden spoke of the Transcendentalists' debt to Indian religions directly:
Henry David Thoreau
In morning I bathe my intellect in the stupendous and cosmogonal philosophy of the Bhagavat Geeta, since whose composition years of the gods have elapsed, and in comparison with which our modern world and its literature seem puny and trivial; and I doubt if that philosophy is not to be referred to a previous state of existence, so remote is its sublimity from our conceptions. I lay down the book and go to my well for water, and lo! there I meet the servant of the Brahmin, priest of Brahma, and Vishnu and Indra, who still sits in his temple on the Ganges reading the Vedas, or dwells at the root of a tree with his crust and water-jug. I meet his servant come to draw water for his master, and our buckets as it were grate together in the same well. The pure Walden water is mingled with the sacred water of the Ganges.
In 1844, the first English translation of the Lotus Sutra was included in The Dial, a publication of the New England Transcendentalists, translated from French by Elizabeth Palmer પેઅબોડી.
Pawar Pramod:
In the path of Pawar Pramod, he is a literary scholar born in 1976 in Gunjoti, Tq. Omerga in the region of Osmanabad in India. He holds a Ph. D. in English from the University of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad – India. He is an AssistantProfessor and Head of the English Department of Sant Dnyaneshwar Mahavidyalaya, Soegaon; in the District of Aurangabad. He has authored several books and articles and is also the editor-in-chief of Epitome : International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research. He practices Hinduism, studied Sanskrit and has published several works in English and Marathi. Some of his published works include: Marm, Sparshanter, Drink Love’s OASIS, Movementsfor the Still Heart etc. Pawar Pramod Ambadasrao’s work that has been chosen for this study is Ubiquity published in Yaounde-Cameroon in 2017.The choice of Pawar’s Ubiquity for this paper alongside some selected poems by Ralph Waldo Emerson is due to their elaborate depiction of transcendentalism in their poetry. Both seem to find solace in the confines of nature, religion and love in a world where in feelings have been drained and dried as a result of materialism, unfair competition and the untrammeled quest for success. A detail analysis of their poems will go a long way to savour and understand the beauty and convergence of American and Indian Poetry. Their poetry will be analysed in this paper in the light of the following transcendentalist features: nature, religion, independence, and the quest for redemption.
1] Nature
Pramod Pawar in his Ubiquity expresses his admiration and frustration about nature. The theme of nature runs across Ubiquity. Pramod’s transcendentalism is glaring when he hints on the unity and inseparable link that binds people and other creatures. The philosophy of the oversoul can be deduced from the following lines extracted from Part III of Ubiquity:
Who is I in me?
All that I can see
Can you see I in you?
Can you see I in you?
(Ubiquity 34)
The rhetorical questions in the excerpt above can be interpreted as the speaker’s concern about the feeling of oneness that is normally expected to exist amongst people. Through this poem, Pramod Pawar can be seen as a moral voice appealing to his audience for the need to be united so that meaning and love can be experienced in human experiences. Being part of the oversoul, it is incumbent for all and sundry to strive for unity in order to fulfill the divine purpose for which we have been created.Still on the subject of nature as one of the tenets of transcendentalism, one acknowledges that in Ubiquity, Pramod Pawar expounds on the aspect of time and beauty. These are elements of nature that profoundly influence or impact life. In his usual controversial but philosophical way of juxtaposing words, he muses about life thus:
Truth is time
Time is external
I mean the truth
I mean the truth …
Time heals wound when you are born
Time begets new life when you die
Time is permanent, beauty not ….
Time defeats beauty, all, all a lie
Beauty enslaves time, all, all a lie.
Beauty enslaves time, all, all a lie.
Beauty is physique, but time external
(22-23)
Pramod Pawar in the except above philosophizes on the aspect of time and beauty. By stating that “truth is time” shows how time alone plays diverse roles. As the adage goes, “no matter how long you keep a lie, someday the truth will come out.” Time alone according to Pramod reveals any lie or evil that is hidden from men. The passage of time itself is an eternal teacher that brings to the lime-light what has been stashed from the sight or knowledge of men. The passage of time itself is an external teacher that brings to the lime-light what has been stashed from the sight or knowledge of men. The repetitive use of the phrase “I mean the truth, I mean the truth” (22) is suggestive of the poet’s strong conviction of the ability of time to expose the truth even in a world in which falsehood is the order of the day.In the next stanza, the speak evokes the curative attribute of time. “Time heals wounds…” In this case, Pramod evokes this perennial adage about time to reinforce the ability of time to heal wounds. One strongly shares this view about the ability of time to heal wounds. Wounds that are inflicted on our minds like death of a loved one, betrayal, disappointment in love, loss of a job etc. may only be healed by the passage time which might only help us to forget or get to endure such an emotional hurt. The beauty of nature is again seen in this case as “time” being an indispensible element of nature is portrayed in this poem as a healer of wounds.
Still on the aspect of time, the speaker in the poem intimates that “time is permanent, beauty not…” (23). In this case the speaker adds that “Time defeats beauty” (23). By comparing time and beauty, Pramod Pawar seeks to persuade his audience about the importance and indispensability of time as opposed to beauty which is but ephemeral. This again can be seen as another dimension of transcendentalism which is that of the excessive celebration of nature as depicted in Pramod’s Ubiquity.
2] Religious:
Through this poetry, the reader is made to uncover the religious activities that animate the Indian religious space. The link between Hinduism and American Transcendentalism is established as seen in the aspect of intuitio and the power of meditation as a means of relating to God.Religion therefore plays a pivotal role in Indian poetry in general and Pawar’s poetry in particular. In his Ubiquity, Pawar takes his readers deep into Hindi metaphysical thoughts an beliefs. Reference is made to the Karmas which is a very important pillar in Hinduism. The poet-speaker laments in the following lines.
Who am I?
Who am I?
Just do your karmas
Just do your karmas
According to Wikipedia, Karma is a concept in Hinduism which explains casualty through a system where beneficial effects are derived from past beneficial actions and harmful actions creating a system of actions and reactions through a soul’s reincarnated lives forming a cycle of rebirth. Karmas to the poet-speaker is what he thinks he must do or follow in order to benefit from every good thing that is derived from beneficial actions. Due to unhappiness, pain and frustration, the speaker embraces religion as his ultimate source of hope and consolation in a world where in happiness in but an occasional episode in the entire drama of pain. The speaker continues by referring to another aspect of Hinduism which if attained will give him the comfort or satisfaction he badly needs. He declares again:
Every life is a hope, it’s a sin…
Every life I beg for redemption.
I long for stillness and exception
Samadhi I attain now
Samadhi I attain now…
I am for redemption
I’ve been for redemption
I yearn for redemption
I yearn for redemption …
(Pawar 41)
In the first line above, a pointer in made to the fact that every life is a sin. The aspect of sin is that which cuts across many religions and to be vindicated from sin, one needs to be redeemed by God. It is not clear whether he attains Samadhi but it is his ultimate hope to attain it so as to have a sense of fulfillment in his religions quest for redemption. According to Wikipedia, Samadhi in eastern religions e.g. Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism etc refers to a state of meditative consciousness. It is a meditative absorption or trance, attained by the practice of dhyana. In Samadhi the mind becomes still. It is a state of being totally aware othe present moment, a one-pointedness of mind. Samadhi is an exalted state of consciousnessachievable only by advanced practitioners of meditation In the realm of Indian poetry, the spirit of freedom is also expressed. Although Pramod Pawar’s Ubiquity does not make reference to the quest for political freedom like the case of Emerson in his poem above, the idea of freedom of thought and action runs across his poetry.
3] Independence:
Pawar Pramod Ambadasrao in his Ubiquity buttresses his idea of independence by stressing the need for his readers to treasure the freedom of thoughts. The individual according to him must be in full control of his/her actions. This is how the poet-speaker in Ubiquity puts it:
All begin and end into me
All begin and end into me
I am the power……. (39)
In the excerpt above, Pawar Pramod stresses the fact that he is the beginning and the end of his actions and the power to do everything that pleases him and not necessarily being controlled by others. It is this very quest for Independence that committed the consciousness of the Indians to valiantly fight for their independence after years of colonalization under the British. Like the Americans who were also under the bondage of British Imperialist, the Indians also found themselves perpetually being exploited, tortured and discriminated against by their colonial master. The rise of Mahatma Gandhi in India just like the rise George Washington in America precipitated the independence of today’s modern India.
The transcendentalism of Pramod Pawar as manifested in his quest for independence or freedom is often revealed when he passionately seeks for a safe refuge for his soul. The evocation of the symbolism of the “final door” (47) is again another pointer to the quest of freedom, happiness and fulfillment in the life of the speaker. Redemption to him is the final door which he must enter and probably behold his creator face to face and blissfully dwell with him forever. Although Mahatma Gandhi’s religious affiliation is somehow controversial, one however acknowledges that like Pawar Pramod, he is Hindi. In as much as Gandhi’s quest for freedom is more politically than religiously inclined, the quest for political intellectual and artistic freedom equally animates Pawar’s consciousness. The uniqueness of his poetic style in terms of the structure of Ubiquity is revealing of the freedom of mind of the poet to craft his own style of writing. This again is an element of independence which is a peculiar feature of transcendentalism as portrayed in Pramod Ambadasrao’s Ubiquity.
CONCLUSION:
Having explored transcendentalist trends in the poetry of Emerson and Pramod Pawar, it is evident that there is indeed a meeting point in the realm of American and Indian poetry. Although transcendentalism is a purely 19th century American literary movement, its tenets are very glaring in the 21st century publication by an Indian poet (Pramod Pawar) in his poetry entitled Ubiquity. Published in Africa by Nyaa Publishers further portrays the universality of transcendentalism as a literary movement and also the relevance of Ubiquityin the African literary and sociological context. The celebration of nature, the central place of religion in the transcendentalists’ thought, and the unflinching passion for independence are the tenets of transcendentalism that have been examined in the poems of both authors under study. It is the hope of this researcher that this paper will not only prompt more research on the works of an emerging Indian writer in the person of Pramod Pawar Ambadasrao, but will also draw the attention of literary critics across the world to the beauty of Indian and American Poetry.
