Derrida and Deconstruction thinking activity

          This Blog is a part of my class thinking activity which is given on this Blog.

         It is impossible to define deconstruction like philosophy or Literary criticism once and for all. Jacques Derrida himself doesn't define it. Deconstruction is not a destructive activity, but it is an inquiry into the foundation of everything. Post-Structuralist critics go deep into the foundation of text and then they try to undermine it. Derrida says that every text contains element which can deconstruct itself.

About the Jaques Derrida :

           Jacques Derrida was an Algerian-born French philosopher best known for developing a form of semiotic analysis known as deconstruction, which he discussed in numerous texts, and developed in the context of phenomenology. He is one of the major figures associated with post-structuralism and postmodern philosophy.

          Deconstruction is term given by Derrida, and Derrida himself said that it is difficult to understand. Deconstruction is not negative term but through this term Derrida try to difine something. Post- structuralist also go into this subject and try to search in deep. Derrida said that " Language bears within itself necessrily of its own critique". It is " Deconstruction has nothing to do with destruction". Deconstruction means some event or play or anything but in which some loose point is there and it's became the Deconstruction of it. In which we can't find any particular meanning., because one meanning gave anoyher one meanning.

           First of all Deconstruction is not a destructive activity, but it is an inquiry into the foundations of every thing. Deconstructionist critics goes deep into the foundation of text and then they try to subvert , undermine it. Derrida says that every text contains element which can deconstruct itself.

           Here i would like to share my view as a post structuralist critique.... given examples of one of the advertisement

           This ad is of ralco tires in which in the last of the video we have a person riding a bike whose bike tires belong to Ralco tires company. Which shows advertisements of its own Tires.

Deconstruction reading in this video:-

Binary opposition

  A binary opposition is a pair of related terms or concept that are opposite in meaning. Binary opposition is the system by which, in language and thought, two theoretical opposites are strictly defined and set off against one another.

Main think :

 ➡️   At the beginning of this video we are shown a farfariya and balloons, which makes it look like Independence Day is being celebrated. The video shows the atmosphere of the bus station. The bus station has separate seating facilities for men and women. They are shown the different doors for boarding the bus. This bus station also features a third gender person. Everyone treats this person differently than we see in the video.We say that India is a free country and everyone has their own freedom. Which shows the opposite scene in this video.

➡️  This Independence Day , it's time to "FreeTheRoads" from discrimination against the transgender community . Transgender citizens have a right to work and move freely , like every Indian . Yet they are discriminated against every single day - because of lack of awareness . So we need your help to spread this message beyond our cities , into every small town and village . It doesn't end here .

➡️Third gender :-

a categorization of a person as neither male nor female

Not accepted Third gender person.

Family :

Society :

Every one :

       He (third gender) is not even accepted by his family. Which we will see in the video below.

They also have no special place in society and are viewed from a different perspective. Which we can see in this advertisement. Everyone hates him instead of loving him, treats him badly instead of treating him well.

       'The Australian high court has ruled that New South Wales must recognise a third gender after handing down its decision in the long-running case of Norrie, who has been fighting since 2010 to have a sex change recognised as non-specific.'

News report aaj tak T. V.

        'The history of the hijra community's stretches back to antiquity. But now, with a new supreme court ruling, India's third gender has finally achieved full legal recognition.'

      On the 15th April 2014, India's supreme court legally recognized a third gender, declaring that those who identify themselves as neither male nor female should be entitled to the same educational, welfare and employment rights as other men and women.

third is usually understood to mean 'other', a word which is often seen on application forms and official pieces of documentation as a catch-all category when the standard options provided are inappropriate.

Third gender is ahead in many fields and he has progressed and achieved his high position in the society. Here some Example..

➡️  Ralco Tyres is proud to partner with Humsafar Trust for their TRANScend initiative , to support , empower and provide employment to the transgender community across our country . Because when we free our roads from bias , each one of us becomes free !

Future of Postcolonial Studies: Globalization and Environmentalism Thinking Activity

ThAct: Future of Postcolonial Studies: Globalization and Environmentalism

 Thinking Activity

Introduction :-

A critical analysis of the history, culture, literature and modes of discourse on the Third World countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean Islands and South America, postcolonialism concerns itself with the study of the colonization (which began as early as the Renaissance), the decolonization (which involves winning back and reconstituting the native cultures), and the neocolonising process (an aftermath of postmodernism and late capitalism, when multinational corporations control the world). Focussing on the omnipresent power struggles between cultures and the intersection of cultures which results in multiculturalism and poly-valency of culture, Postcolonialism analyses the metaphysical, ethical and political concerns about cultural identity, gender, nationality, race, ethnicity, subjectivity, language and power.

i) Summaries both articles

Article 1 :Conclusion: Globalisation and The future of post colonial studies  

                       

Before, we move on to the Article Let me give basic information about what Globalisation is.

Economics

Political science

Privatisation

Free choice

Article's some intresting points :

Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri - ' EMPIRE'

Arjun Appadurai - Modernity at large : cultural dimansions of Globalisation

Simon Gikandi - ' Globalisation and the claims of post coloniality '

E. Balibar - Racism & Nationalism

Samuel Huntington - Clash of Civilisations

P.Sainath - And then there was the market

Kalpan - Supremacy by stealth

Niall Ferguson

NBA

ACTA

Post colonial critic read the American’s Mind.

The one of The book of Michel Hardt is about ‘Empire’ of U.S.A.

                   Michael Hardt

In contrast to imperialism, Empire establishes no territorial.center of power and does not rely on fixed boundaries or barriers. It is a decen. tered and deterritorializing apparatus of rule that progressively incor- porates the entire global realm within its open, expanding frontiers. Empire manages hybrid identities, flexible hierarchies, and plural exchanges through modulating networks of command. The distinct national colors of the imperial map of the world have merged and blended in the imperial global rainbow.

                           (Hardt and Negri 2000: xiii-xii)

Michael Hardt is an American political philosopher and literary theorist. Hardt is best known for his book Empire, which was co-written with Antonio Negri. It has been praised by Slavoj Žižek as the "Communist Manifesto of the 21st Century".

Empire is a book by post-Marxist philosophers Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri. Written in the mid-1990s, it was published in 2000 and quickly sold beyond its expectations as an academic work.Further Information in the Link

Simon Gikandi gives positive and Negative Aspect of Globalisation.

However, Three things are more significant for Understanding.

1. Privatisation
2. Health care
3. Education

Market fundamentalism destroys more human lives than any other simply because it cuts across all national, cultural, geographic, reli- gious and other boundaries.It's as much at home in Moscow as in Mumbai or Minnesota.A South Africa - whose advances in the early 1990s thrilled the world- moved swiftly from apartheid to neo-liberal- ism.It sits as easily in Hindu, Islamic or Christian societies.And it contributes angry, despairing recruits to the armies of all religious fundamentalisms.Based on the premise that the market is the solu- tion to all the problems of the human race, it is, too, a very religious fundamentalism.It has its own Gospel: The Gospel of St. Growth, of St. Choice…

This is the interesting quote by P.Sainath.

Palagummi Sainath is an Indian journalist and author of the book Everybody Loves a Good Drought. He gives Market Fundamentalism

And Then there was the market By p.sainath.

So long as the American Empire dare not speak its name ... ambitious young men and women will take one look at the prospects for postwar Iraq and say with one voice, 'Don't even go there'. Americans need to go there. If the best and brightest insist on staying home, today's unspoken imperial project may end-unspeak- ably tomorrow.

- (Ferguson, 2003: 52).

H Niall Campbell Ferguson says that 

Globalisatio is very harmful.

The Education of Children is bad.

Defending Civilisation.

I would like to give some examples of movies connected with this literary conflict:

Sonali cable - conflict between a girl who runs local tv/internet cable service vs giant company 'Shining' which started providing broadband

Ghayal Once Again Again - the conflict of younsters who witnessed Murder of RTI activist against multi-business owner Bansal (represents Ambanis)

Rang De Basanti - A nexus between politician and businessman vs young college boys (one them has to murder his own father who was corrupt businessman before murdering the politician)

Zee5 Original Web-movie ' Tigers' - based on a Pakistani salesman's conflict with giant MNC Nestle.

Madaari - The conflict between common man (father whose child died in bridge crash) and nexus between construction company and politicians.

Reluctant Fundamentalism - the conflict between market fundamentalism and religious fundamentalism in the aftermath

What is The Future of post Colonial studies?

As we know that Now Afghanistan & Taliban, Chaina,Russia,Pakistan and America and India.

But The point is about taliban people, how they are blindly follow the religion, how woman has problem to take Education as well as always wear the Black color costume. The major things that The mike on the Temple. The Rules of Tallak.

 This article begins with the claim of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, “‘no longer have a post-colonial perspective. I think postcolonial is the day before yester-day’ (Spivak 2013: 2).

Scrap Police vs Eco friendly

     Being Eco Friendly. It is about

  Privatisation

  Policy

 Favor to Company.

 

There are several examples connected with Globalization and postcolonial studies and environmentalism and postcolonial studies.

Globalization and postcolonial studies :

A. Nestle's Maggie ban in India - unhealthy food controversy

However, the controversy grew when the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) asked Nestle to recall Maggi Noodles. Nestle was left with no choice but to recall the popular snack from the market. ... Maggi's share in the Indian market went down from 80 per cent to zero. But later on India started to eat Meggie. This incident remind us that how Multinational companies rules over us. B. Ban on Pepsi & Coke in India owing to pesticide issues

A court in southern India on Sept. 22 lifted a ban on the manufacture and sale of soft drinks by US giants Coca-Cola and Pepsi, amid claims that their beverages contained pesticides. The government in Kerala state had imposed the ban on August 11 after claims by a New Delhi-based environmental group, but the Kerala High Court ruled that the state government did not have the authority to do so. "The ban order issued by the state government was not within the legal powers that rest with the government. Thus we set aside the government order," chief justice V.K. Bali and justice M. Ramachandran said in their ruling

In our classroom discussion we have seen several examples which discuss the concern of ecology.

 So let’s put some light on it.

Sherni by Amit Masurkar.

Second example is from movie Chakravyuh by Prakash Jha

Third example was “Tatvamasi” by Dhruv Bhatt.

Kerala to restrict use of groundwater by Pepsico; traders may ...

-Kerala to restrict use of groundwater by Pepsico; traders may stop sale of Pepsi, Coke. Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan welcomed the move of traders and said government would extend support to the initiative to check the threat to exploitation of water, pollution and lifestyle diseases.

Chardham Yatra project

This project concerns the harm of the environment

Midnight’s Children thinking activity

Introduction :-

Midnight’s Children, allegorical novel by Salman Rushdie, published in 1981. It is a historical chronicle of modern India centring on the inextricably linked fates of two children was screening?

In written within the first hour of independence from Great Britain. Exactly at midnight on Aug. 15, 1947, two boys are born in a Bombay (now Mumbai) hospital, where they are switched by a nurse. Saleem Sinai, who will be raised by a well-to-do Muslim couple, is actually the illegitimate son of a low-caste Hindu woman and a departing British colonist. Shiva, the son of the Muslim couple, is given to a poor Hindu street performer whose unfaithful wife has died. Salman Rushdie's novel, Midnight's Children, connects the destiny of one family, and of one character-narrator in particular, with the destiny of India, by symbolically associating Saleem Sinai's birth with that of the new nation. The textual journey that follows plays with concepts such as: margin and centre, identity and otherness, unity and division etc. While witnessing Saleem's changing sense of self, India is also revealed as a stage for the inter-change of multiple perspectives on the idea of nation. Thus, ‘the myth of the nation’ becomes the pretext for the display of postcolonial attitudes and fallacies, due, in part, to its focus on establishing a compact and well-defined sense of identity.

1. Narrative technique (changes made in film adaptation - for eg. absence of Padma, the Nati, the listener, the commenter - What is your interpretation?)

Ans.  

The Midnight Children is Rushdie nove.ln this  novel create some film adaptation. The film’s Canadian-Indian director, Deepa Mehta, blamed “insecure politicians” for its failing to attract a distributor, as the rights have been purchased by 40 other countries. Published in 1981, Midnight’s Children follows the life of a boy born at the exact moment when India gained independence from Britain, and through the 1975-77 period known in India as “The Emergency”, when prime minister Indira Gandhi effectively suspended democracy and was able to rule by decree.

In the novel :

Salman Rushdie  is Narrator 

Padama is listener.

In the movie adaptation :both visuals things...

Saleem is narrator.

Audience are listener.

In the movie Midnight Children movie adaptation, the audience is kept as an actress instead of Padama. Padama is main role of the novel. She was listen to all story novel. But in movie adaptation creater are Chang. Director leave to Padama  and she's role attended in the listener and the commenter. So this things is represented of the watch the movie at that time most important things. You are read the novel and watch the movie  that time narrative technique are different.And the audience watch the movie so he is a listener and  commenter. So he is a Padama of any audience, watch the movie.

In the novel salim as narrator. So question the narrator and doubt the narrator at that time Padama helps. But in the helpless and mute audience are lost they are voiceless. Audience are only mute observer, they are not speak. So Padama is important character of the novel and she is left out the film adaptation.

 2. Characters (how many included, how many left out - Why? What is your interpretation?)

Ans.

Midnight children novel in the so many characters. But in the movie adaptation very few characters  There are some characters are included or some are left out from the film. Original book consists of more than 89 characters and in the film only 26 characters are included.  ‘Midnight’s Children’ by Rushdie  is a very interesting book and it consists of box within box technique. Three books consist of lots of stories and in film adaptation it will be hard to include each and everything and mentioning every story is hard. So in the film adaptation there is only the main story of our protagonist.

 3. Themes and Symbols (if film adaptation able to capture themes and symbols?)

Time and History :

The Perforated sheet :

Marrge and love :

Changing child identity :

Poor and Rich as a social structure :

Sex and women:

Thus the main concerns of the novelist are the problems of women such as loss of individuality and connecting their marriage and sex to man’s honour. The connection between marriage and social norms is responsible for the failure of marital relations. It is evident from the courtship and marriage of Saleem’s grand-parents (Naseem-Adam) and Saleem’s parents (Amina-Ahmed).

Magic and meeting :

The magical powers of the Midnight childrens in this novel. The next theme of the novel is the technique of magic realism. It was later used to represent the work of certain Latin American writers. Afterwards, this technique is made use of by reputed novelists like Gunther Grass and Salman Rushdie. The essence of a magic realist novel is that fantastical elements take place but they never occur in reality. The characters accept the presence of magical elements. Magic and realism take place separately but at the same time they are incorporated together.

The silver spitton :

The Pickl :

4. The texture of the novel (What is the texture of the novel? Well, it is the interconnectedness of narrative technique with the theme. Is it well captured?)

Ans.

Midnight’s children’ consist the theme like  The Single and the Many The Unreliability of Memory and Narrative Destruction vs. Creation.We see the good attempt by Salman Rushdie and Deepa Mehta. The film is not told in chronological order, but it is told in flashback. When Salim remembered something he told the audience and listener. And then come back to real life from that flashback. Whole story is told by Salim. And he described the things that he felt. This is my interpretation of the novel and film adaptation. Well some symbols are used very closely in some movies, like Taj Mahal. But Salman Rushdie and Deepa Mehta haven't took very close up scene of Taj Mahal. That we can see in the movie.

 5. What is your aesthetic experience after watching the screening?

Ans.

My experience after watching this movie is very good, as there are a lot of events in this movie that are woven with real life.  This movie tries to show what the situation was like with imagination and history.  Speaking out against politics was a big challenge. Emergency was imposed by Indira Gandhi at that time.  It was not an easy task but writing such a novel in the face of politics at that time was a big challenge.  Which Salman Rushdie has done.  Salman's midnight children novels have become very popular. This novel tells the same story but the way of telling the story changes.  So like reading this novel.  There is a lot of adaptation in the film so I love watching this film.