Gun Island Amitav Ghosh

 

I am Kishan Jadav. Student of the Department of English , MKBU.This blog is a part of my classroom thinking activity.This activity given by Barad Sir. In this blog I would like to talk about the one famous contemporary novel Gun Islands by Amitav Ghosh.

Amitav Ghosh :

Amitav Ghosh is an Indian author. Born in 1956 in Calcutta, he has lived in India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, and currently resides in New York. Ghosh began writing at an early age and studied at Delhi University and Oxford University. He has lectured at several prestigious colleges, in addition to contributing to various newspapers and journals. During his first job, he worked at the Indian Express newspaper and his debut novel, The Circle of Reason, was published in 1986. He has since written a number of fiction and non-fiction works, his most recent being Gun Island, which was published in 2019. His writing has earned him a number of accolades and widespread critical acclaim. These awards include the Jnanpith Award, the Sahitya Akademi Award, the Ananda Puraskar, the Arthur C. Clarke Award, the International e-Book Award, the Crossword Book Prize, the India Plaza Golden Quill Award, the Prix Médicis, the Blue Metropolis Grand Prix, and the Utah Award for the Environmental Humanities, to name a few. Recently, Ghosh has used his writing to raise awareness about climate change and its impact. A notable example of Ghosh's critical work and climate activism can be found in The Great Derangement: Climate Change and the Unthinkable.

Gun Island :

Ghosh’s latest (after Flood of Fire) is an intellectual romp that traces Bengali folklore, modern human trafficking, and the devastating effects of climate change across generations and countries. Dinanath Datta, who goes by the more Americanized Deen, is an antiques and rare-books dealer in Brooklyn. While in Calcutta, Deen encounters the tale of the Bonduki Sadagar, or the gun merchant, a localized riff on the familiar Bengali tale of a merchant and Manasa Devi, the goddess of snakes and poisonous creatures. Intrigued, Deen pays a visit to the Sundarbans, the borderlands from which the myth originated. At the shrine said to be protected by Manasa Devi, Deen encounters a snake that bites one of the young men with him, with nonfatal but mystical consequences. Shaken, but convinced that it was just a freak coincidence, the rationalist Deen returns to America, where his trip still haunts him. A tumultuous year and a half later, under the patronage of his dear friend Cinta, a glamorous Italian academic, Deen arrives in Venice for the book’s second half, where he befriends the local Bengali community and further uncovers the tale of the Bonduki Sadagar as he is drawn into relief efforts for the refugee crisis. Ghosh writes with deep intelligence and illuminating clarity about complex issues. This ambitious novel memorably draws connections among history, politics, and mythology.

1] How does Amitav Ghosh use myth of Gun Merchant 'Bonduki Sadagar' and Manasa Devi to initiate discussion on the issue of Climate Change and Migration/Refugee crisis / Human Trafficking?

Migration becomes a special thing in this novel.  Using myths, we are told about the changes that have taken place in the atmosphere, and how it has caused migration among the people.  Gives an overview of the changes that have taken place in the whole earth.

➡️ Myth of Gun Merchant 'Bonduki Sadagar.

In this novel, I found its original meaning of words very difficult. Gun Word does not mean weapons in this novel,but  Gun derived from Arabic words Bonduki. Bonduki means a foundry of Weapons deliver country. Bonduki means Venice -Venetian. so Gun is Venice city. The place where the Jews come and live is known as the Ghetto. This place looks like Venice.

In this novel Gun Merchant is connected in the myth story by Amitav Ghosh. Gun merchants drive from one place to another place.

➡️ Manasa Devi

Ma Manasa Devi, the snake goddess, is worshiped by Hindus, mainly for the prevention and cure of snakebites and infectious diseases like smallpox and chicken pox as well as for prosperity and fertility. She stands for both 'destruction' and 'regeneration', almost akin to a snake shedding its skin and being reborn.more...

➡️ Climate Change and Migration/Refugee crisis / Human Trafficking.

Humans have undergone many changes in the environment. By polluting the atmosphere we see a lot of problems in the atmosphere even in the present times. Which comes before us as the main part of this novel. Climate change has caused many problems in human life. Which has forced man to move from one place to another. Which is referred to in this novel as migration. Dinanath's story as well as other old stories are connected in this novel. Which migrates from one place to another due to climate change. We will realize from the following events. How events happen in the present and in the past due to changes in the environment, which causes people to move from one place to another.

2] How does Amitav Ghosh make use of 'etymology' of common words to sustain mystery and suspense in the narrative?

Amitabh Ghosh has used a lot of words here which we cannot easily understand. To understand it we have to go into its depths. The words are as follows.

1.Gun Island

Gun derived from Arabic words Bonduki. Bonduki means a foundry of Weapons delivery country. Bonduki means Venice -Venetian. so Gun is Venice city. The place where the Jews come and live is known as the Ghetto. This place looks like Venice.

Gun Island is 'Island within Island…' So the ultimate meaning of the title is - a merchant who visited Venice and who found ghetto-foundry.

2.Land of Palm Sugar Candy

The Bengali word for this is "taal-misrir-dish". Desh = country, taal= kind of palm tree that produces a sugar syrup, Bengali word for sugar candy is misri. Cinta said that the Arabic word "Misr" is used for Egypt. So this place is referred to as Egypt. 

3.Land of Kerchieves

Cinta asked for the Bengali translation of this word. Deen told her it was called Rumaali-desh. In Bengali Rumaal is a handkerchief. Chinta said it is about Rumelia, and this Rumeli-Hisari is located in Turkey. 

4.Island of Chains

The Bengali word for this is "shikol-dwip". And this is a reference to Sikelia and that is now Sicily. So the Island of Chains is used for Sicily. 

3] What are your views on the use of myth and history in the novel Gun Island to draw attention of the reader towards contemporary issues like climate change and migration?

When a man is told a story, he quickly remembers it. Even in that, especially if it is said in conjunction with mythology, man is not a mistake. So here in this novel, Amitabh Ghosh also makes a similar attempt by describing the history which has become a real event due to the change in the atmosphere and linking it with a mythical event. In fact, we can assume that such a catastrophe happened by nature at that time. We are facing many such situations even in the present times. So in this novel we get a better idea of ​​how climate change has caused a lot of problems in human life due to natural change. And man takes many different ways to escape from it. Nature has done a lot of damage to human beings.But what is important is Ghosh wants to draw attention to these serious problems of climate change and migration. Due to which changes are taking place in the natural environment at present and due to this many problems have to be faced. So not only the human community but every living thing in the universe suffers.

4] Is there any connection between 'The Great Derangement' and 'Gun Island'?

This novel seems to be related to some other work, so after reading this novel, if you look at the 'The Great Derangement' novels character, it seems that there is a connection between the two. So, this novel "Gun Island" is the answer to another novel "The Great Derangement" by Ghosh. Because this book asks the question, What is the role of literature in the context of climate change ? Why aren't authors talking about it in their works ? And how can they talk with the help of literature ? It argued that not enough contemporary novels were addressing climate change as a central issue of our time. 

5] There are many Italian words in the novel. Have you tried to translate these words into English or Hindi with the help of Google Translate App?If so, how is Machine Translation helping in proper translation of Italian words into English and Hindi.

This is how we can see the words and it's meanings. We can't easily understand the meaning of those words, which Ghosh used in the novel. Here is the spreadsheet of these words, click here.

Thank You.😊

Research Methodology 7th January

 

I am Kishan Jadav, a student of the Department of English, MKBU.On 7th January 2022, we attended a workshop on Research Methodology. It was the second workshop on Research Methodology. In this blog, I am going to write about the learning outcome of this workshop. The task is assigned by Prof Dilip Barad sir.

The workshop was in three sessions

1. Importance of Research- by Prof.J.P.Majmudar

2. Avoid Plagiarism- Qualitative Research in Digital Era - by Prof. Dilip Barad 

3. Citation-Tools and Techniques - by Miss Vaidehi Hariyani 

1. Importance Of Research- by Prof.J.P.Majmudar

In the first session The chief guest of Prof. Jagdeep Majmudar. He is a retired Prof. of the Department of M.B.A and is the first coordinator. He is reappointed by our university to take care of the research facilitated center. He gave a very interesting talk on research and told them what kind of research could be done in the present time?  And what areas you can research.  The fields of research are vast.  So your research should be done in a wide area and not in a single field. And also tell them what kind of ideal research is and give examples. He also said that good research starts with the gaps in the existing literature. After finding the gap we have to critically read the references and in that who has done what? How did he do it? And the most important is the conclusion of these references. And while doing a literature review we have to give our comments our conclusion to it. He talked as much as he could about research in a very light style.

2. Avoid Plagiarism- Qualitative Research in Digital Era - by Prof. Dilip Barad

Click here to visit the teacher's blog on Plagiarism.

In the present time plagiarism is relatively common.  Since he is not a thinker, he considers the thoughts of others as his own thoughts.  This is called plagiarism.  This is called plagiarism, but this is the second session on how we can avoid this plagiarism.  It also stated its different criteria.  Which is as follows ….

1. Authority

2. Educational Value

3. Intent

4. Originality

5. Quality

The Plagiarism Spectrum: 10 Types of Unoriginal Work

Source Educational Evaluation Rubric (SEER) Worksheet

3. Citation-Tools and Techniques - by Miss Vaidehi Hariyani

The last session was about Citation by Vaidehi mam. In this session, different groups were organized within this session. Each group was given an online tool in which each tool related to citation. How to do a citation in it ? What tools can we do citation with? All such matters were explained in this session. In particular, how to do MLA citation in computer and mobile? The presentation then showed its good and bad aspects. His motives were shown. How we can easily cite any author and source taken with the help of citation. This MLA citation is useful when the number of citations is high and it is very difficult to find out where the information is taken from.

Thank You 😊.

Research Methodology workshop by Dr.Clement.

 I am Kishan Jadav. Student of Department of English , MKBU.This blog is a part of my classroom thinking activity.This activity given by Barad Sir.In this blog I would like to talk about the research and dissertation writing workshop.

Research Methodology workshop organized on 4 January 2022 . In this workshop resource persons are Prof.Dilip Barad and Dr.Clement Ndoricimpa. In our Sem.4 syllabus we have a one paper dissertation writing and this workshop is a very informative workshop for us. Before the workshop I was confused about many points . In my mind I have lots of questions about dissertation writing and my topic also.I have also stuck in my dissertation topic and I don't know what I can do further ? After attending this workshop my mind was clear about the dissertation topic and I also got many ideas for further research .

Learning outcomes:-

When anyone writes an essay, it means presenting our ideas to someone.  But when the same thing is connected with a matter of research, it is not our ideas but the ideas of the critics who have given their views in it. The method of proving the idea that we have is research.  So I did not have a definite definition of what is called research but when I attended this session on research I developed a lot of ideas about research.  For example, with what topics can we do research?  What kind of topics should be chosen for research?  What resources should be used for research?  Where can we get guidance for research?  What are the things to keep in mind in research?  What should be kept in mind while doing research?  And how to prove our content?  All these things I got to learn in this workshop.  So I can say that this research workshop has been very useful for me.  I don't have many ideas when I want to discuss a topic.  So I got to learn in this workshop how to prove our topic by taking the ideas of other critics along with those ideas.

According to Walliman (2011), this inductive-deductive reasoning follows the process below:

1)identification or clarification of the problem;

2)developing a hypothesis (testable theory) inductively from observation;

charting their implications by deduction;

3)practical or theoretical testing of the hypothesis;

4)rejecting or redefining it in the light of the results.

Research is systematic because it follows certain steps that are logically connected. These steps are:

1)understanding the nature of the problem to be studied and identifying the related areas of knowledge;

2)reviewing the literature to understand how others have approached or dealt with the problem;

3)collecting data in an organized and controlled manner so as to arrive at a valid decision;

4)analyzing data appropriate to the problem; 

5)Drawing conclusions and making generalizations.

There are different types of research :

Historical

Descriptive

Correlation

Cultural

Research has the following characteristics :

1)It is based on the works of others;

It can be replicated (duplicated)- reliability;

It is generalizable to other settings (external validity);

2)It is based on some logical rationale and tied to a particular theory (content validity);

3)It is doable;

4)It generates news questions;

5)It is important;

6)It advances the frontiers of knowledge.

               : Writing a dissertation :

                   The structure of a dissertation

a)Introduction

b)Literature review

C)Research methods/theoretical framework for literary studies.

d)Interpretation and discussion of the hu findings

e)Conclusion

Introduction :

Introduction is a brief introduction to what is stated in this research paper.  Therefore, it can be said that introduction is the information given to the readers about what has been presented in the whole research paper. It is the first step to get inside the dissertation paper.  It has certain stages which are as follows….

It comprises three stages: 

1)Report of the object of the study/establish territory. In this stage, the writer describes the topic of the study as important and as requiring investigation.

2)Describing previous studies/establish niche. In this stage, the writer briefly reviews previous studies to identify gaps. In other words, the writer describes the problem to be investigated.

3)Introducing your own study/occupying the niche. In this stage, the writer states the objectives of the study and formulate research questions or hypotheses.

Literature review:-

The review of previous studies is important. In this stage, the writer critically evaluates previous studies. An example of an evaluative literature review is provided above..

Research methods/theoretical framework for literary studies:-

Research methods state the methods employed in the collection and analysis of the data, while theoretical framework explains the theory within which a literary text is interpreted.

Interpretation and discussion of the findings:-

Once a topic has been selected within any dissertation, it is important to discuss if there is one.  The topic that has been selected has to be discussed with specific supporting evidence to prove it.  And only when the supporting evidence you show is true will you be able to present your topic correctly.  That is, you need the Reacher's collar to interpret it and sing it.  The only way to find out is through the internet or under someone's guidance.

Conclusion:-

Conclusions always come last so it can be said that the conclusion connects us more clearly with the main findings.  Which provides a means of raising more questions.  In which we have to write the text in a way that summarizes the whole research paper.  The last means of proving the whole thing is a conclpaper.

This session has really been very useful for me to write my dissertation.  Which has greatly increased my understanding.  And now I know a lot about how to write a research paper.

Thank You😊.

Punctuation thinking activity

 

Punctuation is the set of marks used to regulate texts and clarify their meanings, mainly by separating or linking words, phrases, and clauses.

Revision involves critical thinking about content, with secondary consideration to mechanics and neatness. This does not mean that technical aspects of writing can be ignored but that introductions to a revision that seems to privilege rote application of rules and neatness over critical interaction with text (however brief it may be for beginners) conveys entirely the wrong message to young authors. As children learn the cognitive processes involved in revision, they acquire the inclination to monitor and revise their work in all areas.

Mechanics are the small parts of your writing that stick everything together to ensure that everything makes sense and that emphasis is placed where you want it to be. Basic punctuation mechanics include commas (,), colons (:) and semicolons (;), apostrophes (‘) and hyphens(-).https://wiki.ubc.ca/Grammar_and_Style/Mechanics_and_Punctuation#:~:text=Quiz%20Answer%20Key-,Basic%20Punctuation,(')%20and%20hyphens%20(%2D).

 

Punctuation Mark is Important in writing from Kishan55555

Videos :

The Basic Signs of Punctuation

the comma ,

the full stop .

the exclamation mark !

the question mark ?

the semi-colon ;

the colon :

the apostrophe '

quotation marks “ ”

the hyphen -  

brackets ( ) or [ ]

the slash /

The Comma (,)

The comma is useful in a sentence when the writer wishes to:

pause before proceeding

add a phrase that does not contain any new subject

separate items on a list

use more than one adjective (a describing word, like beautiful)

For example, in the following sentence the phrase or clause between the commas gives us more information behind the actions of the boy, the subject of the sentence:

The boy, who knew that his mother was about to arrive, ran quickly towards the opening door.

Note that if the phrase or clause were to be removed, the sentence would still make sense although there would be a loss of information. Alternatively, two sentences could be used:

The boy ran quickly towards the opening door. He knew that his mother was about to arrive.

Commas are also used to separate items in a list.

For example:

The shopping trolley was loaded high with bottles of beer, fruit, vegetables, toilet rolls, cereals and cartons of milk.

Note that in a list, the final two items are linked by the word ‘and’ rather than by a comma.

Commas are used to separate adjectives.

For example:

The boy was happy, eager and full of anticipation at the start of his summer holiday.

As commas represent a pause, it is good practice to read your writing out loud and listen to where you make natural pauses as you read it. More often than not, you will indicate where a comma should be placed by a natural pause. Although, the ‘rules’ of where a comma needs to be placed should also be followed.

For example:

However, it has been suggested that some bees prefer tree pollen.

Full Stop (.)

A full stop should always be used to end a sentence. The full stop indicates that a point has been made and that you are about to move on to further explanations or a related point.

Less frequently, a series of three full stops (an ellipsis) can be used to indicate where a section of a quotation has been omitted when it is not relevant to the text, for example:

“The boy was happy… at the start of his summer holiday.”

A single full stop may also be used to indicate the abbreviation of commonly used words as in the following examples:

Telephone Number = Tel. No.

September = Sept.

Pages = pp.

Exclamation Mark (!)

An exclamation mark indicates strong feeling within a sentence, such as fear, anger or love. It is also used to accentuate feeling within the written spoken word.

For example:

“Help! I love you!”

In this way, it can also be used to indicate a sharp instruction

“Stop! Police!”

or to indicate humour

“Ha! Ha! Ha!” 

The exclamation mark at the end of a sentence means that you do not need a full stop.

Exclamation marks are a poor way of emphasising what you think are important points in your written assignments; the importance of the point will emphasise itself without a sequence of !!! in the text. An exclamation mark should only be used when absolutely essential, or when taken from a direct quote.

The exclamation mark should be used sparingly in formal and semi-formal writing.

Question Mark (?)

The question mark simply indicates that a sentence is asking a question. It always comes at the end of a sentence:

For example:

Are we at the end?

Note that the question mark also serves as a full stop.

Semi-colon (;)

The semi-colon is perhaps the most difficult sign of punctuation to use accurately. If in doubt, avoid using it and convert the added material into a new sentence.

As a general rule, the semi-colon is used in the following ways:

When joining two connected sentences.

For example:

We set out at dawn; the weather looked promising.

or

Assertive behaviour concerns being able to express feelings, wants and desires appropriately; passive behaviour means complying with the wishes of others.

The semi-colon can also be used to assemble detailed lists.

For example:

The conference was attended by delegates from Paris, France; Paris, Texas; London, UK; Stockholm, Sweden; Colombo, Sri Lanka; and Mumbai, India.

Colon (:)

The colon within a sentence makes a very pointed pause between two phrases. There are two main uses of the colon:

It is most commonly used when listing.

For example:

She placed the following items into the trolley: beer, fruit, vegetables, toilet rolls, cereals and cartons of milk.

Or it can be used within a heading, or descriptive title.

For example:

Human Resource Management: Guidelines for Telephone Advisers

Apostrophe (’)

The apostrophe, sometimes called an inverted comma has two main uses.

The apostrophe indicates possession or ownership.

For example:

The girl's hat was green, (girl is in the singular).

This shows the reader that the hat belongs to the girl.

The girls' hats were green, (girls in this instance are plural, i.e. more than one girl, more than one hat).

This indicates that the hats belong to the girls.

Another use of the apostrophe is to indicate where a letter is omitted:

For example:

We're going to do this course. (We are going to do this course.)

Isn’t this a fine example of punctuation? (Is not this a fine example of punctuation?)

The time is now 7 o’ clock. (The time is now 7 of the clock)

Note that a common mistake is to confuse its with it’s.

It’s indicates to the reader that a letter has been omitted.

For example:

It’s a lovely day is an abbreviated way of saying: It is a lovely day.

Note that in most formal writing, the practice of using abbreviated words is inappropriate.

See also: Common Mistakes in Writing for more on using apostrophes correctly.

Quotation or Speech Marks (“….”)

Quotation or speech marks are used to:

To mark out speech

When quoting someone else's speech

For example:

My grandpa said, "Share your chocolates with your friends."

"George, don't do that!"

"Will you get your books out please?” said Mrs Jones, the teacher, “and quieten down!"

It is worth noting that to report an event back does not require speech or quotation marks.

For example:

Mrs Jones told the pupils to take out their books and to quieten down.

Hyphen (-)

The hyphen is used to link words together.

For example:

sub-part

eighteenth-century people

week-end

second-class post

gender-neutral

non-verbal

The hyphen is also used when a word is split between two lines. The hyphen should be placed between syllables at the end of the upper line and indicates to the reader that the word will be completed on the next line.

Computer applications such as Word Processors can be set to automatically hyphenate words for you, although it is more common to use extra spacing to avoid hyphenation.

Brackets ( )

Brackets always come in pairs ( ) and are used to make an aside, or a point which is not part of the main flow of a sentence. If you remove the words between the brackets, the sentence should still make sense.

For example:

“The strategy (or strategies) chosen to meet the objectives may need to change as the intervention continues.”

Another example is as follows:

“We can define class as a large-scale grouping of people who share common economic resources, that strongly influence the types of lifestyle they are able to lead. Ownership of wealth, together with occupation, are the chief basis of class differences. The major classes that exist in Western societies are an upper class (the wealthy, employers and industrialists, plus tops executives – those who own or directly control productive resources); a middle class (which includes most white-collar workers and professionals); and a working class (those in blue-collar or manual jobs).” (Giddens, 1997, p.243)

Square Brackets […]

A different set of square brackets [ ] can be used:

to abbreviate lengthy quotations

to correct the tense of a quotation to suit the tense of your own sentence

to add your own words to sections of an abbreviated quotation.

To abbreviate lengthy quotations in an essay or report

“We can define class as a large-scale grouping of people who share common economic resources, that strongly influence the types of lifestyle they are able to lead. Ownership of wealth, together with occupation, are the chief basis of class differences. The major classes that exist in Western societies are an upper class […]; a middle class […] and a working class […].”

(Giddens, 1997, p.243)

To adjust a quotation to suit your own sentence

For example, if you were writing about class structure, you might use the following:

According to Giddens, (1997, p.243) the “[o]wnership of wealth, together with occupation, are the chief basis of class differences”.

Note, that when using square brackets, only the occasional letter as in the above example or the occasional word (for example when changing the tense of the sentence) would be placed in square brackets in this way.

Slash (/)

Many people use the slash instead of or, and etc., but this is not always helpful to the reader. There is, however, a modern convention in gender-neutral writing to use ‘s/he’.

Capital Letters

The correct use of capital letters is also important in writing.

See our page: When to Use Capital Letters for information and examples.

Thinking activities The Ministry of Utmost Happiness

 I am Kishan Jadav. Student of the Department of English , MKBU.This blog is a part of my classroom thinking activity.This activity given by Barad Sir. In this blog I would like to talk about the one famous contemporary novel The Ministry of Utmost Happiness by Arundhati Roy.

So first of all let's throw some light on writer.

Arundhati Roy :

Arundhati Roy, full name Suzanna Arundhati Roy, (born November 24, 1961, Shillong, Meghalaya, India), Indian author, actress, and political activist who was best known for the award-winning novel The God of Small Things (1997) and for her involvement in environmental and human rights causes.

The Ministry of Utmost Happiness :

The Ministry of Utmost Happiness is the second novel by Indian writer Arundhati Roy, published in 2017, twenty years after her debut, The God of Small Things.

The Ministry of Utmost Happiness opens in a graveyard full of flying foxes, bats, crows, and sparrows. Lest the reader mistake it for a place of romantic wildness, it is also a place where the vultures have died of diclofenac poisoning, which is used to ease the pain of cows so that they’ll produce more milk. In the graveyard is Anjum, born a hermaphrodite, not technically a Hijra — a female trapped in a male body, as a doctor in the novel describes it.

1) Political issues in the novel :

We see a lot of political issues in this novel. It has also seen things that reflect the current political leaders. In which Narendra Modi, Kejriwal, Rajiv Gandhi etc. different political leaders are shown. All these things are presented in this novel in a way that we do not easily understand. It is very complicated to understand these things in this novel as the novel is divided into five sections. Kashmir is also mentioned in this novel. So at the present time it is a political issue. Terrorists carry out attacks in Kashmir and harass the locals. Like now they are also ready to become terrorists.

Indian history such as reform 2002 Godhra train burning and Kashmir insurgency

the right of the LGBT community

The reference of Emergency in 1975

2) Gender concerns in the novel

One word we find in many places in this novel is Hijra. The term is used for third gender. A boy and a girl are portrayed alike. The third gender has also been used along with it.

Neoliberalism and Globalization

Gender identities, caste and class hierarchies, the ills of neoliberalism and globalization are some of the major thematic concerns in Roy’s novel. When Anjum’s (Aftab) mother, Jahanara Begum, discovers a ‘girl-part’ in her child, she is shocked beyond belief. After three girl children, Aftab was supposed to be the ‘coveted’ boy who would carry forward the family name. Instead, the reality of begetting a Muslim “hijra” was not what Jahanara Begum was prepared for. She tries to cover up the child’s identity until it is no longer a plausible idea.for further Click here

Neoliberalism and Globalization

 3) Environmental concerns in the novel / Ecofeminist study

The way we look at feminism in a very different way at the present time also shows the map of ecofeminism which is inherently connected with nature. Discussions have taken place within many fields of feminism. Feminism is associated with the environment. From this arose a new term called ecofeminism. Even in this novel we can see ecofeminism. Throughout Kashmir, women are extremely insecure, and the consequence is their bravery to take to the streets to continue their lives. Khadija, a woman from Kashmir tells Tilottama about her stamina and self-confidence. The shalwar kameez, hijab and the pheran offer them a sense of security commended by Tilottama. The nation, which is devastated by strife over years, implicates diverse magnitudes of suppression as of women, “Women are not allowed. Women are not allowed.

4.Narrative pattern in this novel :

This novel is very long divided into five parts so you're not directly understanding the narrative pattern. The narrative in this novel changes from first person to third person.Roy uses varied narrative techniques like epistolary, stream of consciousness, pamphlets, news articles, hospital records, photographs, poems, addressed to an unknown character etc. The novel starts with the setting of the graveyard, then moves backward to Shahjahanabad, Delhi then to Khwabagh or the House of Dreams to the Jannat Guest House.

Thank you😊

Translations work shop thinking activity

 Hello Readers,

On 3rd January 2022 we have a workshop on practical translation by Dr.vishal Bhadani sir.

We have a paper in our syllabus of : Comparative Literature and Translation Studies so this workshop is for that Because it helps us in our better understanding of that paper.

It was the best session on translation studies. When I heard the first time about the translation at that time I was thinking that it's not a big deal.

એમાં શું મોટી વાત છે ? dictionary છે , google છે...it's help us but when i attend the session then I realised that it's not an easy to translate anything.

1) has your understanding of translation improved?

After completing this session, I can say that my translation has improved a lot.  I saw a lot of improvements in myself after I filled this station.  And I realised what it means to translate correctly.  I could not translate any language so fast in translation study.  I believed that translation could be possible with google translation.  But after studying this session, I felt that this thing is not possible, because Google Translation does not give us exactly the meaning of the sentence.  That is, if there is one that is important in the translation study, it is not the word, but the meaning of the whole sentence.  It is important to know what kind of price that sentence is. It is not possible to translate any sentence from one language to another, that is, to translate the words sitting down.  But it is very important to associate it with the word and the meaning of that sentence.  It can also change the word structure.  And the order of words can also change.  As an example..

 મેં મારી બેન ને પરણાવી

What Google says first we can see: I married my sister: Incorrect 

Mine: I have married my sister: Incorrect 

Correct: I make my sister married so the concern is to say that you have to think about the correct means which is more appropriate rather than go with the grammar & Google kind of translation.

2) Can I write about translation in terms of metaphors?

Translation studies were explained to us by several metaphors within this session.  Which we could easily understand.  The metaphors were given by Vishal Sir.  It was a wonderful experience.  He used a metaphor in this presentation which is not easily understood.  So he easily explained how translation studies proceeded through this metaphor and by such rules and we understood.  The metaphors are as follows.

3) What according to you is the most difficult aspect of practical translation?

In my opinion, if there is any difficult aspect in the translation study, it is the direct translation which is done by the translation machine.  Like google translation can't be useful to us everywhere. If there is any other difficulty then we can't give proper replacement of those words or any word.  So the dictionary can be useful for us to translate the word correctly.  Using a dictionary we can easily translate.  When translating from one language to another, we do not find the proper meaning of that word, we do not find its proper meaning in another language.  We can say that practical translation is a very difficult thing and at the beginning level it is very difficult.

4) Learning outcome from the workshop

After attending the translation study workshop, my thinking about translation study has improved a lot.  I had no idea how to translate correctly.  The only translation I knew of was google translation.  But in this workshop I learner how to translate the meaning of words.  One has to translate with proper meaning, not change its meaning.  For example, a word can never be translated.  So the dictionary becomes a used tool for translation.  When translating from one language to another, there must be ample vocabulary.  So it can be said that when we have to do practical translation, we need to have knowledge as well as knowledge of one language and many other languages.  We have also come to know that there are many sources of income within the translation study.  When I sit down to translate, I try to translate according to the rules of translation that are taught in this workshop.  So it can be said that this translation study workshop was very useful for me.

Thank You😊.