THE PURITAN AND RESTORATION WRITER

          The Puritan age Writer 

          Hello readers, today I will introduce you to one such good writer.  Whose name is john milton.  The name of John Milton is heard in our ears which means age of immediately comes to mind.  The Puritan Age is what we call The Age of Milton.  Because John Milton was the greatest writer of all time.  He wrote an epic.  Which was in full black vers.  It named the Paradise Lost.  Which became very famous at that time. And  another who served as a civil servant for the Commonwealth of England, under his Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell.So let's look at John Milton.

JOHN MILTON

Born :- 9 December 1608,  Bread Street, Cheapside, London, England

Died :- 8 November 1674 (aged 65),  Bunhill, London, England

Resting place:-  St Giles-without-Cripplegate

Occupation:- Poet, prose polemicist, civil servant

Language:- English, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, Spanish, Italian, Old English, Dutch

Alma mater :- Christ's College, Cambridge

Spouse (Wifes):- Mary Powell  (m. 1642; died 1652),  Katherine Woodcock (m. 1656; died 1658)​, Elizabeth Mynshull ​(m. 1663)​

Children :- 5

John Milton's Life :-

             John Milton was a great poet.  He has written many works.  John Milton was the author of Puritan Age.  They were known as geniuses at the time.  Because they knew a lot of languages like English, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, Spanish, Italian, Old English, Dutch.  They were said to be the most educated at the time.  So known as a well-educated poet.  There have been a lot of problems in his time.  There was a civil war going on at that time.  So he has faced a lot of difficulties.

Born:-

John Milton was born in Bread Street, London on 9 December 1608. His father's name was John Milton and his mother's name Sarah Jeffrey.His father was also a good musician .He also found a way to that.  He also inherited a lot of literature.John Milton is a good writer who can be influenced by his family

Educations:-

He was attended St Paul's School in London. He was a very good person in education. In 1625, Milton began attending Christ College, Cambridge.  He received his B.A. in 1629.  Graduated with, ranked fourth among 24 honors graduates that year at Cambridge University.

Marriage life:-

John Milton was married three times.  His first wife Mary Powell  (m. 1642; died 1652), with whom he had four children.  Married another after his death.  Whose name was Katherine Woodcock (m. 1656; died 1658)​.  He had a child with her and after her death he remarried.  He was only 16/17 years old when he passed away.  She  name was Elizabeth Mynshull ​(m. 1663)​. Thus he had a total of five children

Career and works :-

 He started writing from pamphlets.  His father was a music composers.  So Milton was also interested.When he was in school, he wrote in Latin and Greek on religion.  They were very gifted in teaching.  He wanted to be an anglican priest.  He joins Cambridge College.  By completing the BA degree.  They go on to get an MA degree.  You have a friend in college named Award King.  So on his death they write Lycidas.  In 1632 he returned to his father's Hammersmith new home with an MA degree.He read both ancient and modern works of theology, philosophy, history, politics, literature, and science in preparation for a prospective poetical career. Milton is considered to be among the most learned of all English poets. In addition to his years of private study, Milton had command of Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, Spanish, and Italian from his school and undergraduate days.In 19 they did a tour.  In which they went to France and Italy.  There they studied Roman Catholicism.  He meet Astronomer Galileo in Italy.  They went to Rome.  From there they planned to go to Greece but due to the ongoing war in England they returned to England.  England puritan and Parliament also supported him.  Also served as a private master in a school.  They have written a lot of pamphlets and also pamphlets on divorce.  He writes on The Tenure of King and Magistrates.  They are made of foreign tongues.  They go against charls-II.  Gradually the light of his eyes was gone.Gulliver Cromwell died in 1658.  Milton warrant issue has been passed.  If he is caught all his work will be burned.  Milton is also jailed.  He writes paradise lost when he becomes blind.

Died :-Milton died on 8 November 1674 and was buried in the church without St. Giles at Cripplegate, More Street, London.

NOTABLE WORKS:-

“Comus”

“Paradise Lost”

“Areopagitica”

“Samson Agonistes”

“Lycidas”

“Il Penseroso”

“L’Allegro”

“A Treatise on Christian Doctrine”

“Eikonoklastes”

“On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity”

Published his works:-

Paradise Lost:-

(Reference in wikipedia)

           The story opens in hell, where Satan and his followers are recovering from defeat in a war they waged against God. They build a palace, called Pandemonium, where they hold council to determine whether or not to return to battle. Instead they decide to explore a new world prophecied to be created, where a safer course of revenge can be planned. Satan undertakes the mission alone. At the gate of hell, he meets his offspring, Sin and Death, who unbar the gates for him. He journeys across chaos till he sees the new universe floating near the larger globe which is heaven. God sees Satan flying towards this world and foretells the fall of man. His Son, who sits at his right hand, offers to sacrifice himself for man's salvation. Meanwhile, Satan enters the new universe. He flies to the sun, where he tricks an angel, Uriel, into showing him the way to man's home. Satan gains entrance into the Garden of Eden, where he finds Adam and Eve and becomes jealous of them. He overhears them speak of God's commandment that they should not eat the forbidden fruit. Uriel warns Gabriel and his angels, who are guarding the gate of Paradise, of Satan's presence. Satan is apprehended by them and banished from Eden. God sends Raphael to warn Adam and Eve about Satan. Raphael recounts to them how jealousy against the Son of God led a once favored angel to wage war against God in heaven, and how the Son, Messiah, cast him and his followers into hell. He relates how the world was created so mankind could one day replace the fallen angels in heaven.

        Satan returns to earth, and enters a serpent. Finding Eve alone he induces her to eat the fruit of the forbidden tree. Adam, resigned to join in her fate, eats also. Their innocence is lost and they become aware of their nakedness. In shame and despair, they become hostile to each other. The Son of God descends to earth to judge the sinners, mercifully delaying their sentence of death. Sin and Death, sensing Satan's success, build a highway to earth, their new home. Upon his return to hell, instead of a celebration of victory, Satan and his crew are turned into serpents as punishment. Adam reconciles with Eve. God sends Michael to expel the pair from Paradise, but first to reveal to Adam future events resulting from his sin. Adam is saddened by these visions, but ultimately revived by revelations of the future coming of the Savior of mankind. In sadness, mitigated with hope, Adam and Eve are sent away from the Garden of Paradise.

The Restoration age writer 

JOHN DRYDEN

 Born:-  19 August 1631  Aldwincle, Northamptonshire, England

Died :-12 May 1700 (aged 68) London, England

Spouse(s) :- Lady Elizabeth Howard

Children :- Charles, John, and Erasmus Henry

Alma mater :- Westminster School,  Trinity College, Cambridge

Occupation :- Poet, literary critic, playwright, librettis

Born:-

john dryden was born on 19 August 1631.He was a translator, a playwright and a critic. He was declared the winning poet in England1668.  He was born in  Aldwincle, Northamptonshire, England.His family were prosperous people, who brought him up in the strict Puritan faith.

Education:-

         That early education, In 1644 he was sent to Westminster School. In 1650 Dryden went up to Trinity College, Cambridge,there  he finished graduation. 

Marriage Life:-

         On 1 December 1663 Dryden married the royalist sister of Sir Robert Howard—Lady Elizabeth.

Career and his works:-

         John dryden was born in puritan age.  He got good education.  They were good translators.  He has worked in the government of Oliver Cromwell.  They have been under his influence and have acted accordingly.  He writes on the death of Oliver Cromwell.the "Heroic stanza".

            His grandeur he derived from Heaven alone,

    For he was great ere Fortune made him so;

And wars, like mists that rise against the sun,

    Made him but greater seem, not greater grow.

 

         Charles comes to another throne after  Oliver cromwell death.  They also write something to impress them.His "Astraea Redux," a poem of welcome to Charles II, and his "Panegyric to his Sacred Majesty," breathe more devotion to "the old goat," as the king was known to his courtiers.

          He wrote a book for Henry Herringman.  He had an interview with Robert Howard.  Helps them write poetry.  And also marries his sister.  He wrote the first paly work, The Wild Gallant.  Which, of course, made the video an overnight sensation.  He then became a stable writer in the Thomas killing grew company.  She found true success when she wrote her first tragedy, "The Rival ladies."  His work went well and the plague spread to London.  Then they came to the Charlton wilshel place.  There he wrote three works.1 Essay of Dramatic Poesie which is a literary criticism.2) Secret Love which is a taragi4comedy.3) Annus Mirabilis which is a historical poem.john dryden becomes the first poet of laureate.  The king company then gives them a contract and a shareholder.  Writing a play every year.  He writes four plays, two of which are masterpieces.1) The Conquest of Granada which is divided into 10 acts, and remand is heroic paly.2) Marriage a 'la Mode is a tragic comedy.  His successfully to play All for love.  Which is a critical tragedy and written in blank verse.  After the death of Charles-2, his brother James-2 comes to the throne.  Who are Catholic.  So dryden follows him and writes over it.when James II came to the throne with schemes to establish the Roman faith, Dryden turned Catholic and wrote his most famous religious poem, "The Hind and the Panther," beginning:

        A milk-white Hind, immortal and unchanged,

Fed on the lawns and in the forest ranged;

Without unspotted, innocent within,

She feared no danger, for she knew no sin.

            

             This hind is a symbol for the Roman Church; and the Anglicans, as a panther, are represented as persecuting the faithful. A glorious revolution took place in England.  In which John Dryden did not accept William and Mary.  They were the monarchy of that time.  So John Dryden is removed from the poet laureate and Thomas Shadwell is accepted as the royal poet.

Died:-

           He died in 1700 and was buried near Chaucer in Westminster Abbey.

Dryden's Influence on Literatur:-

           The three new elements which he brought into our literature. These are:

 (1) the establishment of the heroic couplet as the fashion for satiric, didactic, and descriptive poetry; 

(2) his development of a direct, serviceable prose style such as we still cultivate; and 

(3) his development of the art of literary criticism in his essays and in the numerous prefaces to his poems.

NOTABLE WORKS:-

“Absalom and Achitophel”

“Marriage à-la-Mode”

“Mac Flecknoe”

“Aureng-Zebe”

“Fables Ancient and Modern”

“Astraea Redux”

“The Indian Emperour”

“The Indian Queen”

“Secret Love, or the Maiden Queen”

“Of Dramatic Poesie, an Essay”

Published His works :-

Conclusion:-

           In brief, we can say that in Milton influences of the Renaissance and of Puritanism are apparent. He owed on his lofty and austere character to the Puritanism. He got wonderful triumph over imaginations which cause at it's best in Paradise Lost..

         He develops the study of literature in and of itself, not obsessing over its moral and theological worth. Creates a natural and simple prose style that guides and  Brings all of these critical perspectives best insights into the still infant discipline of English literary criticism. Advocates for establishing of objective principles of criticism while simultaneously moving the emphasis of criticism away from the construction of a work into its more modern emphasis on how readers and critics appreciate texts. effects modern criticism. Making use of a variety of critical perspective from Greek to French.

Words:-2060

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