POSTCOLONIALISM

      

Introduction:-

           Literature is an art. Literature covers a lot of things. Literature has been around for a very long time. Which includes different things.  So this blog I have written about in literature. This blog is based on an online session. Which was organized by ispell. Whose chief speaker was Bill Ashcroft. The topic of this session was postcolonialism today.

        

            This session  was started by Ghanshyambhai. In which he was introduced by Assistant Professor Parvati Ramchandra, Doctor Jyotiben Patil and today's Chief Speaker Bill Ashcroft.  He also thanked Dilip Baradsar. Who showed this session live on youtube. Students who joined were also welcomed.

Chief Speaker:-Bill Ashcroft 

  Bill Ashcroft Information touch this link

All session video is here.. 

        Prof.  Bill Ashcroft is FAHA professor Emeritus school of the arts and media UNSW syden Australia. He is a good writer. He has written extensively on postcolonialism. In this session he discussed the book on colonial feature.Bill Ashcroft is an Emeritus Professor in the School of English, Media and Performing Arts. A founding exponent of post-colonial theory, co-author of The Empire Writes Back, the first text to examine systematically the field of post-colonial studies. He is author and co-author of twenty one books, variously translated into five languages, Including Post-Colonial Transformation (Routledge 2001), Post-Colonial Futures (Continuum 2001); Caliban's Voice (Routledge 2008) Intimate Horizons (ATF 2009) and Utopianism in Postcolonial Literatures (Routledge 2016). He is the author of over 200 chapters and papers, and he is on the editorial boards of ten international journals.

    ProfessorBill Ashcroft presented :-

          The British ruled over many countries for a long time. They wandered and went to different countries in search of work. Went to another country to trade English. But they saw that the people here had no knowledge. They have wealth but lack knowledge. The British took advantage of this opportunity and started ruling over them.  Gradually increasing his power.  And they established a colony to rule.  From then on the British started ruling.  Began to exploit the people living here. The British considered the people living here to be very wise. But the locals tried to go against him. He also started writing literature. And rebelled against it by writing literature in English. The locals succeeded in revolting. This is called postcolonialism.The British came and went. But his thoughts remain today. Physically they are not present but mentally their thoughts are present. So today's session also discussed postcolonialism.

PPT postcolonialism touch this link

        The principle of postcolonial is to do something new in society. The literature that was imposed by the British. The process of creating something new by considering it.  Postcolonialism works on the talk of imperialism and colonialism. Which was exploited over men. The literature that was created to stop it, which was considered, is included in postcolonialism. There are many topics and theories of critique for postcolonialism.  Postcolonialism embraces different approaches. Discussion and critique of what the theologians do not take for granted. And it works to look at one thing from a completely different point of view. Thus the principle of postcolonial is associated with everything.  Especially in modern times, it has expanded a lot in the government sector. Postcolonialism refers to the area outside of colonialism.

   

               

           They state that postcolonialism is a process of globalization. The impact of postcolonialism on language and culture in the 1990s. There is a lot of discussion on post colonial these days. Are connected to another country. One can exchange messages considering the other countries debate. There are rich people who always oppress the poor.  Which continues in English times. Colonialism is something that has been achieved since independence. School education and study include postcolonialism. Through which its effect is seen all over the world.  And the structure of a globalization emerges. Thus it can be said that the effect of postcolonialism is on globalization.

       Postcolonialism examines aspects of the past and discusses how to improve it in the future.  With this consideration a good improvement can be made in the colonial. Good results can be obtained in the future by resorting to historical events. In one of his books he also states that the study can be improved by postcolonial literature. You have to write new literature. Have to create a new one. And a better postcolonialism will have to emerge in the future.There are many avenues open to him.

           Bill Ashcroft links Thomas More's utopia to post colonial. In Ethiopia there were tough rules and regulations. Which has tried to associate with postcolonialism. So whose rules and regulations need to be brought to normal. But its rules and regulations are too strict. Europeans established two types of colonies. One was designed primarily to exploit the labor of the inhabitants and the natural resources of the country, with the Congo and India prime examples.  The second, while still exploiting the natural resources of the country and sometimes the labor of the inhabitants, was primarily for settlement; Most of the North and South American colonies, New Zealand and South Africa are examples. A variant of the second that became indistinguishable from it occurred in some of the Australian colonies, in which one of the purposes of the colonial power was to get rid of undesirables of various sorts.  The settler colonies produced a rich harvest of utopias;  the colonies designed to exploit generally did not.  The settlement colonies served the purposes of the settlers as well as those of the home country. Most settlers wanted to improve their own lives and some had a specific utopian vision in mind.

             Literature is woven with human life. People enjoy literature. Literature is also created to get something, be it knowledge, pleasure or anything else. Literature is man-made and natural creation. Literature has been written for a long time. Man has come to accept literature.  Literature includes feelings of happiness, happiness, hatred, etc. The older man has more experience. But even a little boy can gain experience by reading literature. That is why literature has been accepted to gain more knowledge. Information has also expanded through literary criticism.

            Nation is a border between nations. There is a border between states. There is a border where one area ends and another area begins. In postcolonialism, border and bordering are different.  The border of rich and poor is also seen in the society.  But this existing difference can be bridged through literature. Postcolonialism is the same everywhere. People from other communities cross the border and rule over other communities.  Establishes its own authority there. Builds his own literature. That’s how he draws the people of the community. But postcolonialism is the same in both.  Even if the ruling community then leaves, the effect remains on the community. The psychological impact on this community must first come from the community. Postcolonialism is the same in the world.  It is temporary partial.

     The  Study is an ongoing process.  Literature is included in the study.  Literature is also an ongoing process.  No border can stop literature and there is no specific horizon.  The literature is vast.  Literature is essential in education.  So academically the literature is done analytically.  This case study focuses on the pedagogical significance of the 'theory of reception' Theory & History of Literature, Jauss Theory and History of Literature, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Pressure in the teaching of literature in junior high.  and high school classrooms.  Two lessons were video-recorded and their teachers were interviewed.  It analyzes the encounter between the readers' 'horizons of expectations' and the' horizons of the text 'in authentic classroom discourse.  The discourse analysis suggests a third type of ‘horizons of expectations’ typical for educational settings which might be called ‘horizons of pedagogical expectations’.

   

         The historical period goes on and on.  It completes a century in a hundred years.  Much has changed historically at the end of this century.  Historical periods change in every country.  Then there are western countries or southern countries.  Colonies have been established in every country.  In which changes are observed.  Different ideologies prevail in different periods.  And the use of postcolonialism is useful to these ideologues and critics.  This colonial system is constantly evolving.

Concluded the session:-

       Finally Ghanshyambhai gave certificates to cheap speakers Bill Ashcroft, Jyotiben and Parvatiben.  And thank you all.

My Opinion:-

        I learned a lot of new things this session. The term postcolonialism was new to me.  Bill Ashcroftsir performed very well. And gave him a very good combination of literature and postcolonialism. A lot of post colonial literature has been written.  Which has also been discussed and debated.  The rules and regulations of the government can also be seen from it.  There was a lot to learn and learn in this session.Post-colonial study is more common in modern times.  Modern times are a time of explosion of literature.  In which the study of postcolonialism is done more.  The importance of postcolonialism in literature.  He has written many books, most of which are on postcolonialism studies.  From the video below we will learn what is the significance of the study of postcolonialism.

     News reporters also follow the study of postcolonialism.  Just as a new society is formed, so is a new literature.  Change in society brings change in literature and change in literature brings change in society.  Literature and society are two sides of the same coin.  In which the study of postcolonialism is important.

              Thank You...... 

                

Words-1561

EcoCriticism By Devang Nanavati

 Introduction of the topic:-

      

          We all live in the midst of nature. A question arises in the mind that what is nature? The answer is that everything that is visible around us is nature. Man is a creature. In the same way, animals, birds, beasts, trees, etc are all alive. They also have a curiosity to live inside. He also has feelings. So man should treat them with a welcoming attitude. But man continues to do his work without understanding what nature is in his selfishness. How can man become such a nuisance with this nature. Man has done a lot of damage to nature for his own selfish ends. The result of which is suffering man himself today. So I have written this blog to talk about such a nature. An overview of Save the Tree. In which we will look at the area about eco-criticism. So a workshop on Eco Criticism Thinking was conducted by Dewang Nanavati Bhai in MA of English Department at Bhavnagar KrishnakumarSingh University. About which I want to tell you a little bit here.

Introduce to Devang Nanavtisir:-

          This Dewang nanavatisir was the only student of the English department. And he was a student of Banch of Dilipsir Barad. He was a 1996 bench gold medalist. He was very diligent and sincere. He is currently serving as a Professor at the University at Baroda. He has also completed his PhD. His PhD theme was on eco-criticism.  He has analyzed all the natural phenomena in modern times, and the disturbances that man has caused in them, during this Corona vacation, which has led to many opposite results. He has translated Sitanshu Yashachandra's Gujarati poem(ફરી પાછુ વૃક્ષ ) 'Tree Again' into English.

 

Devang Nanavtisir explain :-

          (Link to this session posted)

          Devang nanavatisir states that I was also a student in this English department. And I had so much fun refreshing these old memories. They said little about what education and how much fun it was in their time. His topic was Eco Criticism. what is echo criticism? What is not filling in the trees that appear around us. He also has feelings. They also express their feelings. They are also a part of this nature. Nowadays a lot of things that harm nature are shown on youtube, in the news, its articles also appear. Today this ecology or the damage done to nature has had a lot of impact on the environment and a lot of problems have arisen. Which shows us the side effects right now. They have to explain their poetry. He started his talk by showing his picture.

              This is the poem they translated. They say that trees also have their own feelings. It is also a part of this nature.  We also see youtube, newspapers or articles about the damage done to nature in modern times. We have done a lot of damage to the environment. As a result, we see problems in the environment. The importance of these trees is already ongoing. Lord Krishna was playing under the Kadambari tree. Lord Buddha also used to do his sadhana under the tree. The story of Mahasweta Devi is also based on the tree. The tribal people have such a love for the tree that they cannot leave it. If they are moved from there to make roads they can’t leave it. There is a lot of mention of trees in our culture too. Such as Ramayana Bhagavata Purana etc. If the level of pollution continues to rise, there will be losses in this environment. Currently the amount of carbon dioxide is increasing a lot. Which has caused many changes in the atmosphere. They also remembered a poem by William Harris.One tree is connected to another, his feelings are also connected to it. Every tree sends a message to something. And Sitanshu Professor has spoken to him well in this poem as well.  Literature also changes in this changing environment.  The atmosphere changes. There was a romanticisms from the Neo Classical Age. In the same way these trees and the environment are changing. The lives of people living within cities are changing. It is important to know how to live, how to walk and how to live with nature.

           They are explained by the poems of Ganjan Gandhi and Jessica de Koninck. Or what can we answer when the tree demands it from us? When the tree will teach us. It is unknown at this time what he will do after leaving the post.  Trees have a common language of their own. The river says this is a recycle that includes a tree and a lake.  What is the vocabulary and tune? It doesn't make sense.  I tell him and he understands.This is taken from tahuko.com.

         At the present, there are many problems in the environment.The main reason is the change in the atmosphere. Pollution has become so widespread that the atmosphere has changed dramatically.Which is a big question for a country and the world today. Trusts like Eco Friendly have also been opened for this.Different programs like 'Save the Tree', 'Save the Nature', 'Save the water,' are also done. The whole world has suffered because of the environmental problem. An epidemic is currently underway. There has been a lot of rain this year.  Causing losses at the local level and at the country level.  It also hurts a lot financially. So what should be done to prevent all this. So for that we have to learn to walk in harmony with nature. We have to create a pure natural environment by walking according to ecology. The tribal people become one with the tree. When trees are cut down they stick to the tree. Their language is also of different types. So these people need to cooperate at the national level. The government needs to ecology Them to grow trees. Ecology needs advice to protect. One should understand how useful and important forests are. The tree gives us oxygen and reduces the amount of carbon dioxide. Many poor people live their lives on it. There are a lot of people connected with forests. So what will happen to these people when the forest is destroyed. So there are consequences to not following many such ecologies. Which is a challenging thing in modern times

          

             Man needs wood every day. He started cutting down trees for his own use. Which tradition continues today.  First the tree was cut down from axe. And now the tree is cut down by machines. A huge tree is cut down in just three minutes. Which takes many years to form. So the number of trees is gradually decreasing. The amount of forests is declining. This is a problem not only at the local level but also at the national level. We are celebrating Environment Day. But the trees that are planted in it are not protected. If this condition continues then one day we will have to live without trees. Everyone should resolve that I will grow a tree. There is no problem in using the tree but it should also be taken care of.

 

           He is a good poet. His poem back to the tree again.  Gives them a glimpse of the experience of the tree suffix.  He has written this poem about furniture made from a tree.  Was this a tree? His writing is very good. Their introduction can be found at the following link. 

Sitanshu Yashaschandra life

What are the goals of eco-criticism? What is its strategy? What kind of equipment will it require? What topics will it be associated with? Some things to keep in mind in this thesis can be seen from the slide below.

       The definition of eco-criticism can be seen on the following slide. It covers different topics. What topics need to be addressed?

         What will be the impact of eco-criticism in the future.  Said nicely about them. That right now we see that the land is polluted, the air is polluted, the atmosphere is polluted. Which is causing a lot of damage to farmers.  The thing in the market does not come pure. So this is a big thing about eco-criticism. where have to bring eco-criticism into literature and society. Ecology is also important in postcolonialism. Now it is also discussed.  Man is facing a lot of problems. Ecology is a big problem for him. Which is well explained by literature. And trying to improve the environment as much as possible. They have studied for the study of eco-criticism.  You have to read about it and analyze it. Whose reference is as follows.

Gujarati poem by hitansu yashachandra

જૂના સમયના એ તપખીરિયા થડને
હવે તો ઠીક ઠીક વરસોથી વહેરી, છોલી, ઘાટઘૂટ આપી
ઘરમાં વાપરવાનું ફર્નિચર બનાવી લીધું હતું.
ઉતાવળે જમવા બેસવાનું ટેબલ અને ખુરશીઓ, હમણાંનાં સંબંધીઓને
અને ઉપરીઓને કાગળ લખવાનું મેજ, રોજ સાવ તાજા સમાચારો
સંભળાવતા રેડિયોને મૂકવાનું સ્ટૅન્ડ - કૈં કેટલાયે કામની વસ્તુઓ
બનાવી લીધી હતી
જૂના સમયના એ તપખીરિયા થડમાંથી.

કંઈ કોઈ ઝંઝાવાત નહોતો થયો. ના કોઈ વીજકડાકા.
યાદે નથી આવતું કેવું હતું એ વૃક્ષ, - વૃક્ષ?!
રમૂજ થાય ને માનીયે ના શકાય આજે તો મારાથી
કે આ ટેબલ, ખુરશીઓ, મેજ સ્ટૅન્ડ, બૂક શેલ્ફ, અભેરાઈઓ આ બધું
વળી જૂના સમયનું વૃક્ષ હતું! મારાથી તો આજે
કદાચ માનીયે ના શકાય ને હસવું આવે.
ક્યારેક જોકે થાક્યા આવી, બરાબર જમી, હિતેચ્છુની ભેટ રૂપે આવતા
જનકલ્યાણનો નવો અંક વાંચતાં વાંચતાં ક્યારેક, જોકે, જાણે કે
ભ્રમણા થાય
કે
આ બારણા કનેની ખુરશીના હાથામાંથી જાંબલી રંગનું ફૂલ ખીલ્યું,
કે આ ભાષણોની નોંધના કાગળોથી છવાયલા મેજના ખાનામાં
ખાટા સવાદનું મીઠું ફળ ઝૂલ્યું,
કે આ જનકલ્યાણ અને અખંડ આનંદની ફાઈલોવાળા શેલ્ફ પરથી
અચાનક એક રાતું પંખી ઊડ્યું ને લીલી કૂંપળ ફૂટી,
કે આ રોજ પહેરવાનાં કપડાં ગડી કરીને મૂકવા બનાવેલા ખાનામાં
અણધારી વસંતનો માદક સુગંધી રસ ઝર્યો.
ને પછી વળી જરા હસવું આવે, અને રમૂજ થાય, ને યાદ આવે
કે જૂના સમયના એ તપખીરિયા થડને
હવે તો ઠીક ઠીક વરસોથી વહેરી, છોલી, ઘાટઘૂટ આપી
ઘરમાં વાપરવાનું ફર્નિચર બનાવી લીધું છે.

"Tree Once again" Translate by Devang Nanavati..

      Devang Nanavatibhai read the poem nicely. Said a little good in Gujarati too. They said this is the tree at the center of the poem. Which grows back again.  Thus one tree after another arises. This means that the time it takes for the tree to grow is gone. The tree has been shown to be old and respected. The poet here likens the tree to his home-made furniture. Looking at the furniture, the poet laughs. Was this a tree at one time? We make a lot of things out of trees. Which is useful in our daily lives.  He also said that the forests of the Amazon are being cut down. Even the keepers there can't stop cutting it. They also remember Wordsworth. Funny sound in this poem they use one word. Stanza, rhythm are properly placed in this poem. Color is also mentioned in this poem. Dhruv Bahtt also recalls story that a forest guard tells a flying bird to go to Dudhrej. The seasons change in modern times. We don't know. For that we have to look inside the calendar. Speaking of Ramayana, he says that he started Ramayana when Valmiki saw two birds dying. Thus they finally finish their talk by saying that you give your own response.

Other opinions (Response) :-

     Other students also gave their opinions. Which is as follows. 

➡️Tamsa Pandya ask a question. Or what is the difference between this Nature and Myth? How does eco-criticism work in myth?

➡️Kavisha Agiyali asked what is the similarity between postcolonial and eco-criticism?

➡️He thanked Hina Malek for remembering everything she had taught in the session.

➡️Mehal Pandya presented one of his poems nicely and shared his thoughts. 

➡️Jignesh Panchasara also recited the poem himself and presented his thoughts.

➡️Nidhi Jethwa also expressed his views.  Thank you very much.

➡️Samiya Kagdi also thanked Sir. 

 Dilip Baradsir  opinion :-

       Dilipsir also expressed his opinion. He was told about the situation of the English Department in 2008. 

2008

2020

           There was not a single tree in the English department. Today, in 2020, the atmosphere is like a garden. So how did this happen. Worked hard for it. Plant trees, take care of them.  And created a garden-like atmosphere today. The English Department has a tree planting program every year. In which the trees planted every year are protected and maintained. All students participate in this. Dilip Sir also contributes to this. A Garden Committee is also formed in the English Department. They showed a few photos.  

         One of the photos was of felled trees. The roads that were built were cut off. He explained the synergy between technology and ecology. It is not a loss if we use technology well. The birds are chirping in the garden of the department. The lush green garden adorns the department.

My Opinion :-

           I learned a lot about the environment in this session.  Especially about eco-criticism. Dewang Nanavatisir explained his topic Eco Criticism very well. He mentioned all about the environment. He also included modern day problems. I come from a village. And am the son of a farmer. So I grew up in the midst of this nature. And I have a lot of feelings for him. I completed my graduation in Lokbharati Sanosara. Is an organization. Which lies in the middle of a natural environment. A hill on one side, a big bush on the other side and a nice river on one side. So from all this I also have attraction and love for nature. I also take care of the trees. I have also planted and grown trees. We got to know more about it in today's session. I agree with them that we should protect the environment and plant and protect trees. The subject should also be included in the literature. Because in modern times all have less interest in literature. But more interesting in television. So the concept of 'save environment' can also be explained through it. I really like this poem presented by Dewang nanavati sir. He explained the poem in a very light style. So I also thought of composing a poem and I also composed a poem, which is as follows.

Gujarati  poem written by me..... 

                 "વૃક્ષ મહાન છે"

નિત્ય મુજ મનમાં થાતું, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે? 

સવારે જાગુ ને લઉ શ્વાસ શુદ્ધ હવા સાથે, 

ત્યારે મુજ મનમાં થાતું, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે?

નાનો હતો હું જ્યારે રમતો ગીલીડંડા સાથે, 

ત્યારે લાગતું મુજને, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે? 

મંદિરે દર્શન કરવા લઇ જતાં ફળફૂલોને સાથે, 

ત્યારે હૃદયપટલમાં થાતુ, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે?

ભણવા બેસું પાટલી પર કોરા કાગળ સાથે, 

ત્યારે લખીને વિચારું, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે?

બીમાર થાઉં જો હું, રોગ દૂર થાય પાંદડા સાથે,

ત્યારે આંખોની ચમકમાં લાગતું, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે? 

ફરે નજર મારી દરેક વસ્તુ પર, હોઈ લાકડા સાથે,

ત્યારે મુજ ઉરમાં થાતું, શું વૃક્ષ મહાન છે?

વૃક્ષે આપણને આપ્યું, શું આ બધું કોઈ સ્વાર્થ સાથે? 

ત્યારે હૈયામાં લાગી આવ્યું, હા ખરેખર વૃક્ષ મહાન છે.

               

                                         લી. કિશન જાદવ 

 Ecology and Technology :-

          According to Dilipsir, both environment and technology are useful. What matters is where you use it.  Nothing works without technology these days. It will not work without protecting the environment. So how to keep these two together. We have to learn. Because both technology and the environment have to be coordinated.  Everyone has to be careful not to overuse technology and harm the environment. Technology alone is not harmful.  But it must be used properly. The same care must be taken in the environment. Plastic has to be used as a recycle,  Pollution must be reduced, water must be saved,   Birds, animals and trees must be taken care of. We don't have to sit in the way of others, we have to start with ourselves. I had a lot of fun in this eco-criticism session.  And also got to know a lot about the environment and literature. Thank you Dewang Nanavati Sir. Thanks also to Professor Dilip Baradsir of the English Department.

Reference:-

Wikipedia, Youtube, Google sites 

                   Words:-2663

                   

ICT Workshop

 Today on 07/11/2020 our University Bhavnagar MK BU University organized an ict workshop in the Department of English.  In which the junior students were guided by the senior students about various useful computer technology information.  It included a variety of menus.  In which google meet,  google seat, drive,  slide share kehoot, Gmail, youtube etc, is used in many educational applications and the use of the app was explained.  So I am writing this blog to tell you about it.

The outline of the ICT workshop held in the English Department is as follows.

The role was first created by the anchor of the show.  And the program started with lines of a nice fun song.  Whose words were ...

Some of our English Department professors shed some light on ICT programs.  He talked about how to become better using tools within modern technology.  He explained to them that a good education can be obtained by using all these tools.  All of these tools are used in the English department.  Which students use to create their own personal portfolio.  These tools are compulsorily taught to every student studying in the English department.  And an ICT workshop has been held for it.  So everyone should look at it carefully and understand.  Every student is going to make all these things or tools with a senior student.  If you have any questions you can ask the senior student.  But learning all the tools is a must.  That is what he strictly instructed.  So let’s see what TOOL’S were taught today.

Gmail was first introduced by Komal Jadhav. What are the benefits of gmail?  How do we create a Gmail account? How to send gmail  Explain his information in detail. Which we can understand from the ppt given below. He also gave a goodi ntroduction to the different parts of gmail.  He showed everyone live how he sends gmail on his screen. He also showed me what an email ID looks like. He provided complete information about gmail. He presented his gmail topic very well.

Another topic was 'Google meet' which was explained very well by Rohitbhai Vyas. 'Google meet' is a live application. Within which all individuals can live and meet each other well. Can learn from the. And can communicate with each other. 'Google meet' is mostly used in teaching. Explained very well how to start and stop video or audio mute in how to join google. He also explained how to present his scream. Which allows you to present a ppt video that has nothing to show. He also explained well how to rotate his screen. Information about google meet is contained in the video at the end of this blog.

Explained about 'Google Drive' by Rishi Joshi. 'Google drive'  gives you so much space. How can you use it? How you can use google drive for your personal documents. With the answers to all these questions he explained Google Drive very nicely. He also gave information about uploading, downloading or sending files inside Google Drive. If you want to remove any file from Google Drive, he also gave very nice information about them. Details about which are given in the following ppt and video. 

 

           Literature is very ancient. A great deal of literature has been written. Literature has been written in many languages. In which Gujarati, English, Sanskrit, Arabic, French etc.  There are many periods of literature. In which comes Elizabeth age in English literature.  In which there are many authors, such as Edmund Spenser, George Chapman, Christopher Marlowe, Shakespeare, Ben Jonson etc. So today we are going to discuss about Edmund Spenser.He was english poet.

The Edmund Spenser

                      

 🔷  Introduction :-  

            Edmund Spenser was a poet of English literature. They died in the time of Elizabeth. Edmund Spenser was a great poet at that time. He didn’t write much. But one of the best works he has ever written is called The Faerie Queen. This poem he did not complete.  Otherwise this would have been a masterpiece at the time. So let's see about Edmund Spenser. 

   🔷 Life :- 

1]Born :-

  Edmund Spencer was born around 1552 in East Smithfield, London. His family situation was very bad. He was born in a poor house. He had to face a lot of difficulties. There is no definite information about his father but he was probably the son of Johon Spenser. 

2]Education :-

        He also had a lot of discomfort in education. So let's talk about it.

He was educated at Merchant Taylor's School in London. He matriculated as a Caesar at    Pembroke College, Cambridge.

3]Friends :-

       While at Cambridge he became a friend of Gabriel Harvey and later consulted him, despite their differing views on poetry. 

4]Family (wife and children ):-

Spouse: Elizabeth Boyle (m. 1594–1599), 

Machabyas Childe (m. 1579–1594)

Edmund Spenser was previously married to Machabyas Childe..He had two sons.

 The children were, Sylvanus and Catherine. Spenser married Elizabeth Boyle for the second time.

5]Death :-

In the year after being driven from his home, 1599, Spenser travelled to London, where he died at the age of forty-six.

 

🔷 Works 

         He has been writing since he was in Edmund Spenser  college.  Didn't write much. But one of his poems was that he was famous because of the Faerie Queen.  However this poem was not completed at that time. Yet it is known as the masterpiece. So let’s see about his work.

> 1569: Jan van der Noodt's A Theatre for Worldlings, 

> 1579: The Shepheardes Calender, published under the pseudonym "Immerito"

> 1590:The Faerie Queene, Books 1–3

> 1591:Complaints, Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie

entered into the Stationer's Register in 1590) includes:

"The Ruines of Time"

"The Teares of the Muses"

"Virgil's Gnat"

"Prosopopoia, or Mother Hubberds Tale"

"Ruines of Rome: by Bellay"

"Muiopotmos, or the Fate of the Butterflie"

"Visions of the Worlds Vanitie"

"The Visions of Bellay"

"The Visions of Petrarc

> 1595:Amoretti and Epithalamion, containing

> 1596:Prothalamion, The Faerie Queene, Books 4-6

              

 🔷  The Faery Queen :-

               

    Spenser's masterpiece is the epic poem The Faerie Queene. The first three books of The Faerie Queene were published in 1590, and a second set of three books were published in 1596. Spenser originally indicated that he intended the poem to consist of twelve books, so the version of the poem we have today is incomplete. Despite this, it remains one of the longest poems in the English language.It is an allegorical work, and can do on several levels of allegory, including as praise of Queen Elizabeth I. In a completely allegorical context, the poem follows several knights in an examination of several virtues. In Spenser's "A Letter of the Authors", he states that the entire epic poem is "cloudily enwrapped in allegorical devises", and that the aim behind The Faerie Queene was to "fashion a gentleman or noble person in virtuous and gentle discipline".

>  The description of Una shows the poet's sense of ideal beauty:

    One day, nigh wearie of the yrkesome way,

    From her unhastie beast she did alight;

    And on the grasse her dainty limbs did lay

    In secrete shadow, far from all mens sight;

    From her fayre head her fillet she undight

    And layd her stole aside; Her angels face,

    As the great eye of heaven, shynéd bright,

    And made a sunshine in the shady place;

Did never mortall eye behold such heavenly grace.

    It fortunéd, out of the thickest wood

    A ramping lyon rushéd suddeinly,

    Hunting full greedy after salvage blood:

    Soone as the royall Virgin he did spy,

    With gaping mouth at her ran greedily,

    To have at once devourd her tender corse:

    But to the pray whenas he drew more ny,

    His bloody rage aswaged with remorse,

And, with the sight amazd, forgat his furious forse.

    Instead thereof he kist her wearie feet,

    And lickt her lilly hands with fawning tong;

    As he her wrongéd innocence did weet.

    O how can beautie maister the most strong,

    And simple truth subdue avenging wrong!

🔷The Shepherd's Calendar:- 

       

              The Shepheardes Calender is Edmund Spenser's first major work, which appeared in 1579. It emulates Virgil's Eclogues of the first century BCE and the Eclogues of Mantuan by Baptista Mantuanus, a late medieval, early renaissance poet.An eclogue is a short pastoral poem that is in the form of a dialogue or soliloquy. Although all the months together form an entire year, each month stands alone as a separate poem. Editions of the late 16th and early 17th centuries include woodcuts for each month/poem, and thereby have a slight similarity to an emblem book which combines a number of self-contained pictures and texts, usually a short vignette, saying, or allegory with an accompanying illustration.

🔷Characteristics of Spenser's Poetry:-

            The five main qualities of Spenser's poetry are......  

     (1) a perfect melody; 

     (2) a rare sense of beauty;

     (3) a splendid imagination, which could gather into one poem heroes, knights, ladies, dwarfs, demons and dragons, classic mythology, stories of chivalry, and the thronging ideals of the Renaissance,--all passing in gorgeous procession across an ever-changing and ever-beautiful landscape;

     (4) a lofty moral purity and seriousness; 

    (5) a delicate idealism, which could make all nature and every common thing beautiful. 

My Opinion :-

       Edmund Spencer was a good poet. He struggled a lot in life.  Because the condition of their home was not good. He also had many difficulties in teaching. And he also had trouble writing. Yet he has written a lot of good literature.  Her most important work is The Fairy Queen. He had been interested in that literature since college. They also came under the influence of saffron. He was also helped a lot by his friends. So he came out as a good writer. He deems it appropriate to write in this literature about the events that took place in his life. Many of his poems are famous. He has written many other articles besides poetry.  Thus,Edmund Spenser was a good poet. His The Faerie Queene poem was incomplete. Otherwise this 6poem would have been number one at that time. However, he has tried to give a good literature. And that is why his name is still spoken in English literature today.

        There was an interest in beauty in his poems. He has also written melody type poetry. His poems include fairy tales, myths, stories of monsters and dragons.  His poems also include idealism, which also takes on nature. Thus he is famous for all these beautiful works. 

References :-

Wikipedia :Edmund Spenser 

History of English Literature by W.J.Long

Youtube video 

   THANKS....  

                                 Words -1226

movie review

kishan jadav   

               On the auspicious day of 15th August 2018 Film Screening Committee organized Movie Screening of the movie "Lagaan" at the Department of English MK Bhavnagar University. Generally, we watch movies for the sake of entertainment, but as a students of English literature we have to watch movie with the help of various literary theories, approaches and different perspectives.

Movie name :- Lagaan

Lagaan (English: Taxation) (released worldwide as Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India) is a 2001 Indian epic sports dr, directed by ashutosh gowariker , produced by aamir khan and mansoor k, and written by Gowariker and abbas tyrewala. Aamir Khan stars along with debutant gracy sing, with British actors rachel shelly  and paul blackthorne  playing supporting roles. The film was shot in an ancient village near bhuj ,india. 

● Post colonialism

● Indianness

● Patriarchy

● Religion

● Nationalism

● Cricket as Metaphor

● Subaltern

● Rural India

● Feminism

● Teamwork and Leadership
● Goodness of Britishers
● Comparison of Lakha and Elizabeth
● Language
● Dance style

                  So the film has these different perspective. It helps to look the same thing with the different ways. This thing comes from deeper thinking and deeper understanding.  It helps to understand the things which shown in the film. 

 

 

   

THE ELEPHANT VANISHES STORY REVIEW

 My favorite story program 

             This blog is written in the context of the "My Favorite Story" program.  Which was organized on 31/10/2020 by Gujarati Bhasha Sahitya Bhavan Maharaja Krishnakumar Singhji Bhavnagar University Bhavnagar. The story of Elephant Vacancies by a Japanese storyteller Le Haruki Murakami is told. This story has been translated into Gujarati by Vijaybhai Soni. So he was todays speaker and translator. Mahendrabhai Parmar inaugurated the program, introduced the speaker and welcomed all. The event was attended by Dilipbhai Barad, principal of English Department, Dr. Jayeshbhai Bhogayata, Parmarbhai and many other storytellers and students.

           "The Elephant Vanishes" by Le Haruki Murakami

1] Vijaybhai opinion (Speaker/Translater)

Vijaybhai talk... Video

 Vijaybhai starts his talk. -Within this lockdown, he says, he has found time to read a lot in the literature. They have the opportunity to talk about science and the test of God, the questions they read in literature, and the literature they are fighting against. He says reading literature closely is reading. He also mentions his friend Hasmukhbhai Rawal.  Telling this story, he says that the stories of Murakami are stories in the first male singular .These stories contain a lot of juices and music. He says remembering Suresh Joshi. આપણી આજુબાજુનુ આત્મસાત કરી શકાતું નથી. જે પામવા ઇચ્છીએ છીએ તે મળે અને હાસ થાય, ત્યાં જિંદગી પૂરી થઈ જાય. Telling the story, Vijaybhai says that at the beginning of the story, Kathak wakes up early and reads the newspaper, 'That elephant has disappeared'. He became more interested in the news and read the whole article. It is a private company in Tokyo. It sells all the animals of the private zoo. In which all the animals are carried. But no one takes an elephant. Because this elephant was old. So what to do with this old elephant now? The municipality and the mayor decided to keep the elephant in the house. He is kept in an elephant house and is kept by a caretaker. 

         The author sees the elephant and the keeper every day from the back of the elephant house. Such similarity between the two seems wonderful to the author. Seeing such loving nature of both of them, they understand the intimacy of man and animal. One day he sees an elephant and a keeper, he thinks something new. The distance between the elephant and the keeper decreases and both shrink. Thus gradually both of them disappear. The author has seen the elephant and its keeper in this scene. Everyone thinks these two have run away. But what were the footprints of the elephant. The chain was also locked by him. The key was also in its place. Both the elephant and the keeper are groomed. But they do not meet. In a few days people forget all this. But this has a huge impact on the author. The disappearance of the elephant and its keeper has a profound effect on the author. He had seen this thing with his own eyes. He also explained this to a female friend. But he was not ready to believe this thing.Regarding this, Vijaybhai says that the man who has dominated the natural world is not right to some extent. They say it is a matter of balance that surrounds us. There was no balance between Kathak and female friend, there was no balance between the mayor and the municipality. There was no balance between all of them. There was only a balance between the elephant and the keeper. So we also cannot establish such a balance with each other. Which needs to be established. William Dalthy says that literature that balances imbalances in human life is the best. Vijaybhai says that the feelings of the men who have become equal disappear in this stubborn society. They have put more emphasis on balance and imbalance. An imbalance between man and nature, an imbalance between a person and a person, etc.  According to Vijaybhai, the disappearance of the elephant is a funny thing. Thus the story is funny but illustrates the balance between nature and man.

2] Others opinions 

             Commenting on this, Dilipbhai Barad says that Murakami's short stories are really modern stories. The last of all his stories is titled The Elephant vanishes. The story begins with a newspaper reading and one of them begins with a narrator. In this style Murakami raises the narrator. The first narration casts doubt on the whole narration. He gave a good example of life of pi that a man lived with a tiger for years inside the sea.  

           When interviewed they say whether you tell such stories. This is a story told to a small child. The author of life of pi himself becomes Tiger. We see nature as a person in bliss.  It makes the mind happy. They also give a good example of the robot force's poem "પોષાતું તે મારતું".

      Dr. Jayeshbhai Bhogayat has also confirmed that he was listening as a teacher.  How to start and what to say if he discusses the story in class. He also gave an example of Mahabharata. How much pleasure the author gives you as a work of art in their opinion.  That's important. They state that there should be a close relationship between the elephant and the keeper in the society.

3] My opinion 

          I tell from this story that Murakami has kept the elephant in the center. The elephant is a big animal and its disappearance is a big deal. The elephant is taken as a metaphor in this story. The intimate relationship between man and animal is shown. The Man can deal with an animal like that. He considers everything his own animal. The carkeeper accompanies the elephant until it dies. The two disappear together. That is, death occurs.  When there is an imbalance between man to man. So what a wonderful balance this is between animal and man.The second also seems to be that Murakami portrays the elephant as natural and man as a social animal. That is, both natural and social things are interconnected. There should be a balance between the two. But man living in society does a lot of damage to nature. That is, an imbalance has arisen between them. Man has to take care of nature in the same way that a carkeeper takes care of an elephant. You have to walk with nature, you have to take care of its essence. Otherwise, like an elephant, it will disappear.

      The story reminds me of a movie called The Tiger.  Whose writer and director is Hoon Jung Park.  This movie also has to have uniformity and balance between tiger and man.  The two could understand each other's emotional language.  Tiger also rescues this man's boy.  And finally both die together.  In which his love for that animal is seen.  Even though a predator can understand a person's feelings well.  So it can be said that there is uniformity or balance between man and animal.

 

Words -1159

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